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Recombinant Human Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18 (TNFSF18), partial (Active)

Recombinant Human Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18 (TNFSF18), partial (Active)

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Code	CSB-MP891791HU
Abbreviation	Recombinant Human TNFSF18 protein, partial (Active)
MSDS	MSDS Datasheet
Size	$102
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Image	(Tris-Glycine gel) Discontinuous SDS-PAGE (reduced) with 5% enrichment gel and 15% separation gel. Activity Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized TNFRSF18 at 2 μg/ml can bind TNFSF18 (CSB-MP891791HU), the EC₅₀ is 2.565 to 2.940 ng/ml. Biological Activity Assay Activity Human TNFRSF18 protein hFc tag (CSB-MP896537HU) captured on COOH chip can bind Human TNFSF18 protein hFc and Flag tag (CSB-MP891791HU) with an affinity constant of 38.5 nM as detected by LSPR Assay. Biological Activity Assay
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Target Background

Product Details

Purity

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Endotoxin

Less than 1.0 EU/ug as determined by LAL method.

Activity

①Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized TNFRSF18 at 2 μg/ml can bind TNFSF18 (CSB-MP891791HU), the EC₅₀ is 2.565 to 2.940 ng/ml.②Human TNFRSF18 protein hFc tag (CSB-MP896537HU) captured on COOH chip can bind Human TNFSF18 protein hFc and Flag tag (CSB-MP891791HU) with an affinity constant of 38.5 nM as detected by LSPR Assay.

Target Names

TNFSF18

Uniprot No.

Q9UNG2

Alternative Names

(AITRL)(hGITRL)(AITRL)(GITRL)(TL6)

Molecular Characterization

Species

Homo sapiens (Human)

Source

Mammalian cell

Expression Region

72-199aa

Target Protein Sequence

QLETAKEPCMAKFGPLPSKWQMASSEPPCVNKVSDWKLEILQNGLYLIYGQVAPNANYNDVAPFEVRLYKNKDMIQTLTNKSKIQNVGGTYELHVGDTIDLIFNSEHQVLKNNTYWGIILLANPQFIS

Mol. Weight

42.8

Protein Length

Partial

Tag Info

N-terminal hFc-Flag-tagged

Form

Lyophilized powder
Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.

Buffer

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered PBS, 6% Trehalose, pH 7.4

Reconstitution

We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.

Troubleshooting and FAQs

Protein FAQs

Storage Condition

Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Shelf Life

The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.

Lead Time

3-7 business days

Notes

Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Datasheet & COA

Please contact us to get it.

Description

TNFSF18 (GITRL) plays a critical role in T-cell costimulation and regulatory T-cell homeostasis, making it a key target for immuno-oncology and autoimmunity research. This recombinant human TNFSF18 (aa 72–199), bearing an N-terminal hFc-Flag tag and expressed in mammalian cells, demonstrates robust receptor engagement with an EC50 of 2.565–2.940 ng/ml against immobilized TNFRSF18 in functional ELISA, and a KD of 38.5 nM by LSPR, confirming signaling-competent conformation suitable for NF-κB pathway activation studies and T-cell costimulation assays. The sub-nanogram EC50 supports use as a coating antigen or positive control in antibody development campaigns, while endotoxin levels below 1.0 EU/μg minimize LPS-driven artifacts in sensitive primary T-cell proliferation and activation experiments. Purity exceeding 90% by SDS-PAGE, combined with this stringent endotoxin profile, satisfies the quality criteria typical for cell-based functional assays and in vivo tumor biology models.

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Target Background

Function

Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF18/AITR/GITR. Regulates T-cell responses. Can function as costimulator and lower the threshold for T-cell activation and T-cell proliferation. Important for interactions between activated T-lymphocytes and endothelial cells. Mediates activation of NF-kappa-B. Triggers increased phosphorylation of STAT1 and up-regulates expression of VCAM1 and ICAM1. Promotes leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. Regulates migration of monocytes from the splenic reservoir to sites of inflammation.

Gene References into Functions

GITRL levels are significantly elevated in rheumatoid arthritis serum and synovial fluid and are positively correlated with autoantibody production in rheumatoid arthritis, suggesting a role of GITRL in the development of rheumatoid arthritis. PMID: 27098050
GITRL modulates the activities of p38 MAPK and STAT3 to promote Th17 cell differentiation in autoimmune arthritis. PMID: 26657118
An increase in GITRL may impair the balance of Th17/Treg, and contribute to the pathopoiesis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. PMID: 25429429
Serum GITRL levels were higher in SLE patients. PMID: 23251213
Glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related ligand (GITRL) confers pseudoexpression to tumor cells by platelets, which results in GITRL expression by megakaryocytes and their platelet progeny. PMID: 22649191
observation suggests a link between cytokine-regulated keratinocyte GITRL expression and its role in inflammatory responses in AD PMID: 22417213
GITRL upregulation induced by IFN-beta on dendritic cells downregulates CTLA-4 on regulatory T (Treg) cells, facilitating proliferation of anergic Treg cells in multiple sclerosis treatment of multiple sclerosis patients. PMID: 22112394
GITRL expression on Kupffer cells may mediate acute rejection in liver transplantation PMID: 21693309
The incorporation of an isoleucine zipper motif could markedly improve the costimulation of hsGITRL. PMID: 20228835
Upregulation by proinflammatory cytokines suggests GITRL may play important role in ocular immunity. High level of constitutive GITRL expression on photoreceptor inner segments suggests photoreceptors participate in regulation of ocular inflammation. PMID: 15326137
Regulates ossteoclasst genersation and substantiate the major role played by the endothelium in bone physiology. PMID: 16179414
Using a GITRL-transfected cell line, we demonstrate that GITRL promotes NK cell cytotoxicity and IFN-gamma production. PMID: 16397134
GITRL could be a potential candidate for regulation of the ocular immune privilege and the balance between immune privilege and inflammation PMID: 16874737
Constitutive expression of GITRL by tumor cells diminishes natural killer cell antitumor immunity. PMID: 17360848
although huGITRL is not capable of alleviating Treg suppression of responder T cells, huGITRL overexpression on monocyte-derived DC enhances their capacity to induce antigen-specific T cell responses PMID: 17449724
These observations raise the possibility that the GITRL-mediated inflammatory activation of macrophages is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. PMID: 17602748
Levels of AITRL were significantly increased in serum of breast cancer patients PMID: 17914571
hGITRL ectodomain displays considerable self-association/dissociation in solution with a dynamic equilibrium between trimeric and monomeric forms over the range of protein concentrations studied. PMID: 18040044
identify multiple oligomeric species of hGITRL that possess distinct kinetics of ERK activation. PMID: 18378892
The strong correlation of tumor incidence and elevated soluble GITRL levels indicates that soluble GITRL is released from cancers in vivo, leading to impaired NK cell immunosurveillance of tumors PMID: 18689545