Name: Recombinant Human Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18 protein(TNFSF18) (Active)
Brand: CUSABIO
SKU: CSB-AP002351HU

Product Details

Purity	>98% as determined by SDS-PAGE and HPLC.
Endotoxin	Less than 1.0 EU/μg as determined by LAL method.
Activity	Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The biological activity as determined by stimulation of IL-8 production using human PBMC is in a concentration range of 0.1-10 ng/ml.
Target Names	TNFSF18
Uniprot No.	Q9UNG2
Research Area	Cancer
Alternative Names	Activation inducible TNF related ligand; Activation-inducible TNF-related ligand; AITR ligand; AITRL; GITR ligand; GITRL; Glucocorticoid induced TNF related ligand; Glucocorticoid induced TNFR related protein ligand; Glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related ligand; hGITRL; MGC138237; TL6; TNF18_HUMAN; TNFSF18; TNLG2A; Tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily member 18; Tumor necrosis factor ligand 2A; Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Source	E.coli
Expression Region	74-199aa
Complete Sequence	ETAKEPCMAK FGPLPSKWQM ASSEPPCVNK VSDWKLEILQ NGLYLIYGQV APNANYNDVA PFEVRLYKNK DMIQTLTNKS KIQNVGGTYE LHVGDTIDLI FNSEHQVLKN NTYWGIILLA NPQFIS
Mol. Weight	14.3 kDa
Protein Length	Partial
Tag Info	Tag-Free
Form	Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Lyophilized from a 0.2 m filtered PBS, pH 7.4
Reconstitution	We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.
Troubleshooting and FAQs	Protein FAQs
Storage Condition	Store at -20°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Shelf Life	The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself. Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Lead Time	5-10 business days
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
Datasheet & COA	Please contact us to get it.

Target Background

Function (From Uniprot)	Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF18/AITR/GITR. Regulates T-cell responses. Can function as costimulator and lower the threshold for T-cell activation and T-cell proliferation. Important for interactions between activated T-lymphocytes and endothelial cells. Mediates activation of NF-kappa-B. Triggers increased phosphorylation of STAT1 and up-regulates expression of VCAM1 and ICAM1
Gene References into Functions	GITRL levels are significantly elevated in rheumatoid arthritis serum and synovial fluid and are positively correlated with autoantibody production in rheumatoid arthritis, suggesting a role of GITRL in the development of rheumatoid arthritis. PMID: 27098050 GITRL modulates the activities of p38 MAPK and STAT3 to promote Th17 cell differentiation in autoimmune arthritis. PMID: 26657118 An increase in GITRL may impair the balance of Th17/Treg, and contribute to the pathopoiesis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. PMID: 25429429 Serum GITRL levels were higher in SLE patients. PMID: 23251213 Glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related ligand (GITRL) confers pseudoexpression to tumor cells by platelets, which results in GITRL expression by megakaryocytes and their platelet progeny. PMID: 22649191 observation suggests a link between cytokine-regulated keratinocyte GITRL expression and its role in inflammatory responses in AD PMID: 22417213 GITRL upregulation induced by IFN-beta on dendritic cells downregulates CTLA-4 on regulatory T (Treg) cells, facilitating proliferation of anergic Treg cells in multiple sclerosis treatment of multiple sclerosis patients. PMID: 22112394 GITRL expression on Kupffer cells may mediate acute rejection in liver transplantation PMID: 21693309 The incorporation of an isoleucine zipper motif could markedly improve the costimulation of hsGITRL. PMID: 20228835 Upregulation by proinflammatory cytokines suggests GITRL may play important role in ocular immunity. High level of constitutive GITRL expression on photoreceptor inner segments suggests photoreceptors participate in regulation of ocular inflammation. PMID: 15326137 Regulates ossteoclasst genersation and substantiate the major role played by the endothelium in bone physiology. PMID: 16179414 Using a GITRL-transfected cell line, we demonstrate that GITRL promotes NK cell cytotoxicity and IFN-gamma production. PMID: 16397134 GITRL could be a potential candidate for regulation of the ocular immune privilege and the balance between immune privilege and inflammation PMID: 16874737 Constitutive expression of GITRL by tumor cells diminishes natural killer cell antitumor immunity. PMID: 17360848 although huGITRL is not capable of alleviating Treg suppression of responder T cells, huGITRL overexpression on monocyte-derived DC enhances their capacity to induce antigen-specific T cell responses PMID: 17449724 These observations raise the possibility that the GITRL-mediated inflammatory activation of macrophages is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. PMID: 17602748 Levels of AITRL were significantly increased in serum of breast cancer patients PMID: 17914571 hGITRL ectodomain displays considerable self-association/dissociation in solution with a dynamic equilibrium between trimeric and monomeric forms over the range of protein concentrations studied. PMID: 18040044 identify multiple oligomeric species of hGITRL that possess distinct kinetics of ERK activation. PMID: 18378892 The strong correlation of tumor incidence and elevated soluble GITRL levels indicates that soluble GITRL is released from cancers in vivo, leading to impaired NK cell immunosurveillance of tumors PMID: 18689545 Show More Hide All
Subcellular Location	Cell membrane, Single-pass type II membrane protein
Protein Families	Tumor necrosis factor family
Tissue Specificity	Expressed at high levels in the small intestine, ovary, testis, kidney and endothelial cells.
Database Links	HGNC: 11932 OMIM: 603898 KEGG: hsa:8995 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000385470 UniGene: Hs.248197

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Code	CSB-AP002351HU
Size	$4536Purchase it in Cusabio online store (only available for customers from the US)
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Recombinant Human Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18 protein(TNFSF18) (Active)

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