Name: Recombinant Human Novel Coronavirus Spike glycoprotein(S) (D614G),partial (Active)
Brand: CUSABIO
SKU: CSB-MP3324GMY(M1)

Product Details

Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Endotoxin	Less than 1.0 EU/ug as determined by LAL method.
Activity	①Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized SARS-CoV-2-S1 (D614G) at 2 μg/ml can bind human ACE2 (CSB-MP866317HU), the EC₅₀ is 8.236-11.22 ng/ml.
Target Names	S
Uniprot No.	P0DTC2
Research Area	Microbiology
Alternative Names	E2 Peplomer protein
Species	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (2019-nCoV) (SARS-CoV-2)
Source	Mammalian cell
Expression Region	16-685aa(D614G)
Target Protein Sequence	VNLTTRTQLPPAYTNSFTRGVYYPDKVFRSSVLHSTQDLFLPFFSNVTWFHAIHVSGTNGTKRFDNPVLPFNDGVYFASTEKSNIIRGWIFGTTLDSKTQSLLIVNNATNVVIKVCEFQFCNDPFLGVYYHKNNKSWMESEFRVYSSANNCTFEYVSQPFLMDLEGKQGNFKNLREFVFKNIDGYFKIYSKHTPINLVRDLPQGFSALEPLVDLPIGINITRFQTLLALHRSYLTPGDSSSGWTAGAAAYYVGYLQPRTFLLKYNENGTITDAVDCALDPLSETKCTLKSFTVEKGIYQTSNFRVQPTESIVRFPNITNLCPFGEVFNATRFASVYAWNRKRISNCVADYSVLYNSASFSTFKCYGVSPTKLNDLCFTNVYADSFVIRGDEVRQIAPGQTGKIADYNYKLPDDFTGCVIAWNSNNLDSKVGGNYNYLYRLFRKSNLKPFERDISTEIYQAGSTPCNGVEGFNCYFPLQSYGFQPTNGVGYQPYRVVVLSFELLHAPATVCGPKKSTNLVKNKCVNFNFNGLTGTGVLTESNKKFLPFQQFGRDIADTTDAVRDPQTLEILDITPCSFGGVSVITPGTNTSNQVAVLYQGVNCTEVPVAIHADQLTPTWRVYSTGSNVFQTRAGCLIGAEHVNNSYECDIPIGAGICASYQTQTNSPRRAR
Mol. Weight	77.8 kDa
Protein Length	Partial
Tag Info	C-terminal 10xHis-tagged
Form	Lyophilized powder Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.
Buffer	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm sterile filtered 20 mM Tris-HCl, 0.5 M NaCl, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0
Reconstitution	We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.
Troubleshooting and FAQs	Protein FAQs
Storage Condition	Store at -20°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Shelf Life	The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself. Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Lead Time	3-7 business days
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
Datasheet & COA	Please contact us to get it.

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Target Background

Function (From Uniprot)	Spike glycoprotein comprises two functional subunits responsible for binding to the host cell receptor (S1 subunit) and fusion of the viral and cellular membranes (S2 subunit). For many coronavirus (CoVs), S is cleaved at the boundary between the S1 and S2 subunits, which remain non-covalently bound in the prefusion conformation. The distal S1 subunit comprises the receptor-binding domain(s) and contributes to stabilization of the prefusion state of the membrane-anchored S2 subunit that contains the fusion machinery. S is further cleaved by host proteases at the so-called S2' site located immediately upstream of the fusion peptide in all CoVs. This cleavage has been proposed to activate the protein for membrane fusion via extensive irreversible conformational changes. However, different CoVs use distinct domains within the S1 subunit to recognize a variety of attachment and entry receptors, depending on the viral species. Endemic human coronaviruses OC43 and HKU1 attach via their S domain A to 5-N-acetyl-9-O-acetyl-sialosides found on glycoproteins and glycolipids at the host cell surface to enable entry into susceptible cells. MERS-CoV S uses domain A to recognize non-acetylated sialoside attachment receptors, which likely promote subsequent binding of domain B to the entry receptor, dipeptidyl-peptidase 4. SARS-CoV and several SARS-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoV) interact directly with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) via SB to enter target cells.
Gene References into Functions	Study presents crystal structure of C-terminal domain of SARS-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2-CTD) spike S protein in complex with human ACE2 (hACE2); hACE2-binding mode similar overall to that observed for SARS-CoV. However, details at the binding interface show that key residue substitutions in SARS-CoV-2-CTD slightly strengthen the interaction and lead to higher affinity for receptor binding than SARS-CoV receptor-binding domain. PMID: 32378705 crystal structure of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 bound to the cell receptor ACE2 PMID: 32365751 crystal structure of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 (engineered to facilitate crystallization) in complex with ACE2 PMID: 32320687 Out of the two isolates from India compared to the isolates from Wuhan, China, one was found to harbor a mutation in its receptor-binding domain (RBD) at position 407 where, arginine was replaced by isoleucine. This mutation has been seen to change the secondary structure of the protein at that region and this can potentially alter receptor binding of the virus. PMID: 32275855 Structural modeling of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein show similar receptor utilization between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV, despite a relatively low amino acid similarity in the receptor binding module. Compared to SARS-CoV and all other coronaviruses in Betacoronavirus lineage B, an extended structural loop containing basic amino acids were identified at the interface of the receptor binding (S1) and fusion (S2) domains. PMID: 32245784 crystal structure of CR3022, a neutralizing antibody from a SARS patient, in complex with the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein to 3.1 A; study provides insight into how SARS-CoV-2 can be targeted by the humoral immune response and revealed a conserved, but cryptic epitope shared between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV PMID: 32225176 SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins have comparable binding affinities achieved by balancing energetics and dynamics. The SARS-CoV-2-ACE2 complex contains a higher number of contacts, a larger interface area, and decreased interface residue fluctuations relative to the SARS-CoV-ACE2 complex. PMID: 32225175 Interaction interface between cat/dog/pangolin/Chinese hamster ACE2 and SARS-CoV/SARS-CoV-2 S protein was simulated through homology modeling. Authors identified that N82 of ACE2 showed closer contact with receptor-binding domain of S protein than human ACE2. PMID: 32221306 SARS-CoV-2 S glycoprotein harbors a furin cleavage site at the boundary between the S1/S2 subunits, which is processed during biogenesis and sets this virus apart from SARS-CoV and SARS-related CoVs; determined cryo-EM structures of the SARS-CoV-2 S ectodomain trimer. PMID: 32201080 Study demonstrates that SARS-CoV-2 uses the SARS-CoV receptor ACE2 for entry and the serine protease TMPRSS2 for S protein priming. PMID: 32155444 The ACE2-B0AT1 complex exists as a dimer of heterodimers. Structural alignment of the RBD-ACE2-B0AT1 ternary complex with the S protein of SARS-CoV-2 suggests that two S protein trimers can simultaneously bind to an ACE2 homodimer. PMID: 32142651 study demonstrated SARS-CoV-2 S protein entry on 293/hACE2 cells is mainly mediated through endocytosis, and PIKfyve, TPC2 and cathepsin L are critical for virus entry; found that SARS-CoV-2 S protein could trigger syncytia in 293/hACE2 cells independent of exogenous protease; there was limited cross-neutralization activity between convalescent sera from SARS and COVID-19 patients PMID: 32132184 study determined a 3.5-angstrom-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of the 2019-nCoV S trimer in the prefusion conformation; provided biophysical and structural evidence that the 2019-nCoV S protein binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) with higher affinity than does severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV S PMID: 32075877 Show More Hide All
Subcellular Location	Virion membrane, Single-pass type I membrane protein, Host endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane, Single-pass type I membrane protein, Host cell membrane, Single-pass type I membrane protein
Protein Families	Betacoronaviruses spike protein family

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Code	CSB-MP3324GMY(M1)
Size	$4500Purchase it in Cusabio online store (only available for customers from the US)
Image	(Tris-Glycine gel) Discontinuous SDS-PAGE (reduced) with 5% enrichment gel and 15% separation gel. Activity Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized SARS-CoV-2-S1 (D614G) at 2 μg/ml can bind human ACE2 (CSB-MP866317HU), the EC₅₀ is 8.236-11.22 ng/ml. Biological Activity Assay
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Recombinant Human Novel Coronavirus Spike glycoprotein(S) (D614G),partial (Active)

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