Product Details

Uniprot No.

Target Names

Alternative Names

DNA damage-binding protein 2 (DDB p48 subunit) (DDBb) (Damage-specific DNA-binding protein 2) (UV-damaged DNA-binding protein 2) (UV-DDB 2), DDB2

Species Reactivity

Human

Immunogen

A synthesized peptide derived from Human DDB2

Immunogen Species

Homo sapiens (Human)

Conjugate

Non-conjugated

Clonality

Monoclonal

Isotype

Rabbit IgG

Clone No.

24E5

Purification Method

Affinity-chromatography

Concentration

It differs from different batches. Please contact us to confirm it.

Buffer

Rabbit IgG in 10mM phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM sodium chloride, 0.05% BSA, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.

Form

Liquid

Tested Applications

ELISA, WB, IHC, FC

Recommended Dilution

Application	Recommended Dilution
WB	1:500-1:2000
IHC	1:50-1:200
FC	1:50-1:200

Protocols

ELISA Protocol
Western Blotting(WB) Protocol
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Protocol
Flow Cytometry (FC) Protocol

Troubleshooting and FAQs

Antibody FAQs

Storage

Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.

Lead Time

Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 1-3 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time maybe differs from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.

Description

DDB2 (DNA damage-binding protein 2) serves as a critical component of the nucleotide excision repair pathway, functioning as the damage recognition subunit of the UV-DDB complex. This protein plays an essential role in detecting UV-induced DNA lesions and recruiting repair machinery, making it a key target for researchers investigating DNA damage response mechanisms, genomic stability, and cancer biology. Mutations in DDB2 are associated with xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group E, underscoring its significance in maintaining cellular integrity against genotoxic stress.

This recombinant monoclonal antibody, generated in rabbit host and designated clone 24E5, offers the reproducibility and consistency that demanding experimental workflows require. Because recombinant antibodies are produced from defined sequences rather than traditional hybridoma methods, researchers benefit from lot-to-lot uniformity that supports reliable longitudinal studies and reproducible results across collaborative projects.

Validation data demonstrates robust performance across multiple applications. Western blot analysis in PC-3 prostate cancer cell lysates reveals clean detection at the expected 47 kDa molecular weight, confirming specificity for the target protein. Immunohistochemistry has been validated in paraffin-embedded human tissues, including salivary gland and cervical cancer specimens, using citrate buffer antigen retrieval on automated Leica Bond systems. Flow cytometry validation in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells shows clear positive signal separation from isotype controls, enabling quantitative analysis of DDB2 expression at the single-cell level.

The unconjugated format provides flexibility for pairing with researcher-preferred secondary detection systems. With validated performance spanning Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry applications, this antibody supports diverse experimental approaches in epigenetics, nuclear signaling, and cancer research where understanding DNA damage recognition pathways is essential.

Usage

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.

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Target Background

Function

Protein, which is both involved in DNA repair and protein ubiquitination, as part of the UV-DDB complex and DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) complexes, respectively. Core component of the UV-DDB complex (UV-damaged DNA-binding protein complex), a complex that recognizes UV-induced DNA damage and recruit proteins of the nucleotide excision repair pathway (the NER pathway) to initiate DNA repair. The UV-DDB complex preferentially binds to cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD), 6-4 photoproducts (6-4 PP), apurinic sites and short mismatches. Also functions as the substrate recognition module for the DCX (DDB2-CUL4-X-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex DDB2-CUL4-ROC1 (also known as CUL4-DDB-ROC1 and CUL4-DDB-RBX1). The DDB2-CUL4-ROC1 complex may ubiquitinate histone H2A, histone H3 and histone H4 at sites of UV-induced DNA damage. The ubiquitination of histones may facilitate their removal from the nucleosome and promote subsequent DNA repair. The DDB2-CUL4-ROC1 complex also ubiquitinates XPC, which may enhance DNA-binding by XPC and promote NER. The DDB2-CUL4-ROC1 complex also ubiquitinates KAT7/HBO1 in response to DNA damage, leading to its degradation: recognizes KAT7/HBO1 following phosphorylation by ATR.; Inhibits UV-damaged DNA repair.; Inhibits UV-damaged DNA repair.

Gene References into Functions

Study identified novel mutation DDB2 p. (Lys381Argfs*2) present at a homozygous state in 5 affected cases belonging to the same Tunisian family with Xeroderma pigmentosum. PMID: 29169765
Chronic low-dose of UVB (CLUV) treatment activates p53, which corroborate with the increased level of DDB2 and XPC proteins. DDB2 and XPC recruited at chromatin bound, suggesting a more efficient cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) recognition by NER and more efficient repair of CDP. PMID: 29448173
DDB2-PCNA interaction may contribute to a correct DNA damage response for maintaining genome integrity PMID: 29604309
DDB2 is modified by SUMOylation upon ultraviolet irradiation, and this post-translational modification plays an important role in the initial recognition and processing of ultraviolet irradiation-induced DNA damage occurring within the context of chromatin. PMID: 28981631
Results show that DDB2 is critical for chromatin association of XRCC5/6 in the absence of DNA damage and provide evidence that XRCC5/6 are functional partners of DDB2 in its transcriptional stimulatory activity. PMID: 28035050
UVRAG is a regulator of CRL4(DDB2)-mediated nucleotide excision repair and its expression levels may influence melanoma predisposition. PMID: 27203177
High DDB2 expression is associated with increased radioresistance of non-small cell lung cancer. PMID: 27553023
data revealed that DDB2 is involved in early events occurring during metastatic progression of breast cancer cells and will contribute to define this protein as a new marker of metastatic progression in this type of cancer. PMID: 26879405
DDB2 polymorphisms are associated with gastric cancer and atrophic gastritis risks. PMID: 26760766
the release of NER components such as DNA damage binding protein 2 (DDB2) and Xeroderma Pigmentosum complementation group C protein (XPC) following oxidative stress might putatively involve their apoptotic role rather than DNA repair function. PMID: 26263968
PKM2 interacts with DDB2 and reduces cell survival upon UV irradiation. PMID: 26410533
DDB2 can bind to the promoter region of NEDD4L and recruit enhancer of zeste homolog 2 histone methyltransferase to repress NEDD4L transcription by enhancing histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation at the NEDD4L promoter. PMID: 26130719
data demonstrated that the DDB2 IRES activity was promoted during stress conditions. These results reveal a novel mechanism contributing to DDB2 expression PMID: 26187069
DDB2 is involved in ubiquitination and degradation of PAQR3 in gastric cancer cells. PMID: 26205499
DDB2 rs747650 is involved in androgen metabolism, inflammation processes and scar formation in severe acne. PMID: 24399259
DDB2 plays an instrumental role in DNA damage induced ROS accumulation, ROS induced premature senescence and inhibition of skin tumorigenesis. PMID: 23109835
DDB2 is protected by XPC from ubiquitination and degradation in a stochastic manner; thus XPC allows DDB2 to initiate multiple rounds of repair events, thereby contributing to the persistence of cellular DNA repair capacity PMID: 25628365
DDB2 protein expression is low in ovarian tumor cells. PMID: 24574518
Chromatin retention of DNA damage sensors DDB2 and XPC through loss of p97 segregase causes genotoxicity. PMID: 24770583
DDB2 is a PCNA-binding protein and this association is required for DDB2 proteolytic degradation. PMID: 24200966
study provides new knowledge about the posttranslational regulation of DDB2 and expands the biological functions of protein alpha-N-methylation to DNA repair PMID: 24753253
the data indicate that p53-dependent upregulation of XPC and DDB2 is a key mechanism upon genotoxic stress, whereby melanoma cells acquire resistance towards DNA cross-linking agents. PMID: 23604128
DDB2 and a DDB2-ATM feedback loop influence HCMV replication. PMID: 24335308
Knockdown of DDB2-induced IkappaBalpha gene expression restored NF-kappaB activity. PMID: 23774208
These results suggest that the SUMOylation of DDB2 facilitates CPD repair. PMID: 23860269
DDB2 facilitates ATR and ATM recruitment to the DNA damage site following UV irradiation. PMID: 23422745
Results indicate a transcriptional regulatory pathway of DDB2 that is directly linked to the mechanisms that suppress metastasis of colon cancer. PMID: 23610444
The 3'untranslated region of DDB2 contains a cis-acting element that affects stability, export and translation of the message PMID: 23605047
Data indicate that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1)collaborates with DNA-binding protein 2 (DDB2) to increase the efficiency of the lesion recognition step of global genomic subpathway of NER (GG-NER). PMID: 23319653
DDB2 can inhibit cell growth rate in AR-expressing cells (LNCaP) but not in AR-null cells (PC3). PMID: 22846800
data support a model in which poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of DDB2 suppresses DDB2 ubiquitylation and outline a molecular mechanism for PARP1-mediated regulation of nucleotide excision repair through DDB2 stabilization and recruitment of the chromatin remodeler ALC1 PMID: 23045548
study reports a new function of DDB2 in modulating chromatin structure at DNA lesions PMID: 22492724
DDB2 subunit of UV-DDB associates transiently with the DNA-binding domain of XPC to fine-tune its engagement with CPD lesions PMID: 22039351
Nucleotide excision repair proteins rapidly accumulate but fail to persist in human xeroderma pigmentosum XP-E (DDB2 mutant) cells. PMID: 21388382
Multiple skin cancers in adults are associted with mutations in the XP-E (DDB2) DNA repair gene. PMID: 21107348
Overexpression of DDB2 enhances the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin by augmenting cellular apoptosis. PMID: 20013802
Damaged DNA-binding protein 2 (DDB2) protects against UV irradiation in human cells and Drosophila PMID: 20398405
Data show that XPC and Ku oppositely regulate the ubiquitin ligase activity of DDB2, and that DDB2 complex-mediated ubiquitylation plays a role in recruiting XPA to damaged sites. PMID: 20368362
These results indicate that DDB2 is a modulator of UV-induced apoptosis, and that UV resistance can be overcome by inhibition of DDB2 PMID: 11852074
These results demonstrate direct activation of the human DDB2 gene by p53. The corresponding region in the mouse DDB2 gene shared significant sequence identity with the human gene but was deficient for p53 binding and transcriptional activation. PMID: 11971958
BRCA1 upregulates DDB2, with some evidence that p53 is involved in its regulation. PMID: 12496474
overexpression of DDB2 in V79 cell potentiates DNA repair and protects cells from UV-induced apoptosis and cytotoxicity. PMID: 12553360
DDB2 and CSA are each integrated into nearly identical complexes via interaction with DDB1 PMID: 12732143
DDB2p48 activates the recruitment of XPC to cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and may be the initial recognition factor in the nucleotide excision repair pathway PMID: 12944386
Data suggest that both before and after UV irradiation, DDB2 directly regulates p53 levels, while DDB2 expression is itself regulated by p53. PMID: 14560002
identification of four DDB2 variants from HeLa cells (D1-D4) that are generated by alternative splicing PMID: 14751237
DDB2 regulates TNF signaling-mediated apoptosis via cFLIP and contributes to acquired cross-resistance. PMID: 15644494
UV-DDB interacts with XPC physically, and both are polyubiquitylated by the UV-DDB-ubiquitin ligase complex. PMID: 15882621
DDB2 has an intrinsic damaged DNA binding activity PMID: 16260596
CUL-4A mediates the proteolytic degradation of DDB2 and this degradation event, initiated at the lesion sites, regulates damage recognition by XPC. PMID: 16527807

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Involvement in disease

Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group E (XP-E)

Subcellular Location

Nucleus. Note=Accumulates at sites of DNA damage following UV irradiation.

Protein Families

WD repeat DDB2/WDR76 family

Tissue Specificity

Ubiquitously expressed; with highest levels in corneal endothelium and lowest levels in brain. Isoform D1 is highly expressed in brain and heart. Isoform D2, isoform D3 and isoform D4 are weakly expressed.

Database Links

HGNC: 2718

OMIM: 278740

KEGG: hsa:1643

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000256996

UniGene: Hs.700338

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Code	CSB-RA442393A0HU
Size	US$210
	Order now
Image	Western Blot Positive WB detected in: PC-3 whole cell lysate All lanes: DDB2 antibody at 1:1000 Secondary Goat polyclonal to rabbit IgG at 1/50000 dilution Predicted band size: 47 kDa Observed band size: 47 kDa IHC image of CSB-RA442393A0HU diluted at 1:50 and staining in paraffin-embedded human salivary gland tissue performed on a Leica BondTM system. After dewaxing and hydration, antigen retrieval was mediated by high pressure in a citrate buffer (pH 6.0). Section was blocked with 10% normal goat serum 30min at RT. Then primary antibody (1% BSA) was incubated at 4°C overnight. The primary is detected by a Goat anti-rabbit polymer IgG labeled by HRP and visualized using 0.46% DAB. IHC image of CSB-RA442393A0HU diluted at 1:50 and staining in paraffin-embedded human cervical cancer performed on a Leica BondTM system. After dewaxing and hydration, antigen retrieval was mediated by high pressure in a citrate buffer (pH 6.0). Section was blocked with 10% normal goat serum 30min at RT. Then primary antibody (1% BSA) was incubated at 4°C overnight. The primary is detected by a Goat anti-rabbit polymer IgG labeled by HRP and visualized using 0.46% DAB. Overlay Peak curve showing A549 cells stained with CSB-RA442393A0HU (red line) at 1:50. The cells were fixed in 4% formaldehyde and permeated by 0.2% TritonX-100. Then 10% normal goat serum to block non-specific protein-protein interactions followed by the antibody (1µg/110⁶cells) for 45min at 4℃. The secondary antibody used was FITC-conjugated Goat Anti-rabbit IgG(H+L) at 1:200 dilution for 35min at 4℃.Control antibody (green line) was rabbit IgG (1µg/110⁶cells) used under the same conditions. Acquisition of >10,000 events was performed.
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DDB2 Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody

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