Phospho-GYS1 (S641) Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody

1. Insulin-stimulated glycogen synthase (GS) activity was completely ablated during hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, and catecholamine signaling via cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and phosphorylation of inhibiting sites on GS all increased. PMID: 28596236
2. Overexpression of GYS1, MIF, and MYC is associated with adverse outcome and poor response to azacitidine in myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia PMID: 25487600
3. over-expression of muscle glycogen synthase (MGS)was detected in diabetic human kidney PMID: 25371328
4. High glycogen synthase 1 expression is associated with myeloid leukemia. PMID: 25703587
5. Data suggest that although COOH-terminal dephosphorylation is likely necessary for GS activation, protein kinase Akt-2- (Akt2)-dependent NH2-terminal dephosphorylation is site for "fine-tuning" insulin-mediated GS activation in skeletal muscle. PMID: 23321478
6. Allosteric regulation and the relationship between phosphorylation and the kinetics of glycogen synthase. [Review] PMID: 23134486
7. The present findings demonstrate that physical inactivity-induced insulin resistance in muscle is associated with lower content/activity of key proteins in glucose transport/phosphorylation and storage. PMID: 22403297
8. Exercise unmaskd the effect associated with the GYS1 polymorphism, rendering carriers of this allele less susceptible to the protective effect of exercise on the risk of cardiovascular mortality. PMID: 17356695
9. the M416V polymorphism of glycogen synthase 1 gene is not associated with insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes PMID: 12870167
10. Phosphorylation at site 2 in the elderly and at site 3a + 3b in young twins had a genetic component. PMID: 15855312
11. no nuclear export signal was identified in the sequence of the protein, the region comprising amino acids 555-633, which has an Arg-rich cluster involved in the allosteric activation is crucial for its nuclear concentration and aggregation. PMID: 15955076
12. 3 siblings were identified with profound muscle glycogen deficiency and homozygous stop mutations in GYS1 PMID: 17928598
13. Pioglitazone treatment improved insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism and glycogen synthase activity in PCOS. PMID: 18544618
14. After overnight low muscle glycogen level and/or in response to exhausting exercise-induced glycogenolysis, GSY is associated with spherical structures at the I-band of sarcomeres. PMID: 19339242
15. Dysregulation of glycogen synthase phosphorylation plays a major role in impaired insulin regulation of GS in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. PMID: 19837931

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HGNC: 4706

OMIM: 138570

KEGG: hsa:2997

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000317904

UniGene: Hs.386225