Recombinant Mouse D (2) dopamine receptor (Drd2)

Code CSB-CF007179MO
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Source in vitro E.coli expression system
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Product Details

Target Names
Drd2
Uniprot No.
Alternative Names
Drd2; D(2 dopamine receptor; Dopamine D2 receptor
Species
Mus musculus (Mouse)
Expression Region
1-444
Target Protein Sequence
MDPLNLSWYDDDLERQNWSRPFNGSEGKPDRPHYNYYAMLLTLLIFIIVFGNVLVCMAVS REKALQTTTNYLIVSLAVADLLVATLVMPWVVYLEVVGEWKFSRIHCDIFVTLDVMMCTA SILNLCAISIDRYTAVAMPMLYNTRYSSKRRVTVMIAIVWVLSFTISCPLLFGLNNTDQN ECIIANPAFVVYSSIVSFYVPFIVTLLVYIKIYIVLRKRRKRVNTKRSSRAFRANLKTPL KGNCTHPEDMKLCTVIMKSNGSFPVNRRRMDAARRAQELEMEMLSSTSPPERTRYSPIPP SHHQLTLPDPSHHGLHSNPDSPAKPEKNGHAKIVNPRIAKFFEIQTMPNGKTRTSLKTMS RRKLSQQKEKKATQMLAIVLGVFIICWLPFFITHILNIHCDCNIPPVLYSAFTWLGYVNS AVNPIIYTTFNIEFRKAFMKILHC
Protein Length
Full length protein
Tag Info
Tag type will be determined during the manufacturing process.
The tag type will be determined during production process. If you have specified tag type, please tell us and we will develop the specified tag preferentially.
Form
Lyophilized powder
Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.
Buffer before Lyophilization
Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0
Reconstitution
We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20℃/-80℃. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.
Troubleshooting and FAQs
Storage Condition
Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Shelf Life
The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Lead Time
Delivery time may differ from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
Note: All of our proteins are default shipped with normal blue ice packs, if you request to ship with dry ice, please communicate with us in advance and extra fees will be charged.
Notes
Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
Datasheet
Please contact us to get it.

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Target Background

Function
Dopamine receptor whose activity is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase. Positively regulates postnatal regression of retinal hyaloid vessels via suppression of VEGFR2/KDR activity, downstream of OPN5.
Gene References into Functions
  1. Impaired recruitment of dopamine neurons occurred during working memory in mice with striatal D2 receptor overexpression. PMID: 30026489
  2. Findings show that loss-of-function of dopamine receptor type 2-expressing striatal medium spiny neurons (D2-MSNs) within ventrolateral striatum (VLS) is sufficient to reduce goal-directed behaviours. PMID: 28145402
  3. Dopamine 2 receptor upregulation is associated with obesity. PMID: 30254156
  4. The present study evaluates the behavioral effects of pharmacological manipulation and genetic blockade of A2A R and D2 R within the frame of such a predominant striatal heteromeric population. PMID: 29053217
  5. DRD2 in primary mesencephalic neurons had a significant regulative effect on the adipogenesis genes. PMID: 29595454
  6. Dopamine D2 receptor deletion from parvalbumin interneurons in mouse causes an impaired inhibitory activity in the ventral hippocampus and a dysregulated dopaminergic system resulting in schizophrenia-like phenotypes. PMID: 29531031
  7. boosting dopamine signaling in the striatum by acute cocaine administration reveals that absence of D2L, but not of D2S, strongly impairs the motor and cellular response to the drug, in a manner similar to the ablation of both isoforms. These results suggest that when the dopamine system is challenged, D2L signaling is required for the control of striatal circuits regulating motor activity. PMID: 29255027
  8. These findings suggest the importance of Paraventricular Thalamus inhibition by D2Rs in modulating the sensitivity to cocaine, a finding that may have novel implications for human drug use. PMID: 29071300
  9. This study explored the spatial distribution of D2 medium-sized spiny neurons across the rostral-caudal axis of the striatum using D2-eGFP double transgenic mice. PMID: 28860974
  10. Pre- and postsynaptic colocalization of kappa opioid receptor and D2R supports a role for kappa opioid receptor potentiating both the D2R inhibitory autoreceptor function and the inhibitory action of D2R on efferent medium spiny neurons. Kappa opioid receptor co-activation accelerates D2R sensitization by contributing to decrease dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens. PMID: 28531297
  11. Study shows that social isolation to a series of schizophrenia-related deficits and that potential interactions among histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1, NMDA receptor 1, and dopamine receptor 2 may underlie the behavioral deficits induced by social isolation. PMID: 28410269
  12. These results are in support of intrastriatal connections of D2R(+)-MSNs (iMSNs) with dMSNs and indicate that D2R signaling in MSNs is critical for the function of intrastriatal circuits. PMID: 27671625
  13. Activation of ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons promotes wakefulness via D2/D3 receptors. PMID: 28124114
  14. Dopamine D2L isoform receptors and nucleus accumbens D2 receptor medium spiny neurons act to suppress the influence of previously correct behavioral strategies allowing transfer of behavioral control to new strategies. PMID: 27317196
  15. D2 receptor (D2R) +/+ enriched environment (EE) mice lived nearly 16% longer than their deprived environment (DE) counterparts. PMID: 26992232
  16. Further analysis revealed that the adenosine agonist 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine, a previously identified promoter of b cell proliferation, acted with DPD to increase the number of b cells. In humans, dopamine also modulates b cell mass through DRD2 and exerts an inhibitory effect on adenosine signaling PMID: 27373926
  17. The expression of Klf15 is increased during neuropathic pain. TNF-alpha regulates the expression of Klf15. KLF15 regulates the expression of dopamine D2 receptor. KLF15 regulates neuropathic pain in mouse models. PMID: 28830816
  18. MIce that selectively lack dopamine type 2 receptors (D2Rs) from pituitary lactotropes have chronic high prolactin levels associated with increased body weight, marked increments in fat depots, adipocyte size, and serum lipids, and a metabolic phenotype. PMID: 27802964
  19. Data show that the fine control of excitatory transmission by glycogen synthase kinase 3 requires recruitment of dopamine D2-receptors and depends on the presence of serotonin 5-HT1A-receptors. PMID: 27678414
  20. Study found no differences in the D2R binding following ten-day methamphetamine administration and seven-day withdrawal, possibly suggesting that alterations in the D2R are not involved in the emergence of anxiety-related symptoms and the development of psychomotor sensitization during withdrawal PMID: 26896754
  21. Dopamine Receptor Signaling in MIN6 beta-Cells PMID: 27508444
  22. Results suggest that the role of reduced D2 receptor in obesity lies not in increasing appetitive motivation and generating compulsive eating but rather in altering activity and energy expenditure, favoring reduced behavioral expenditure of energy. More broadly, these data are consistent with a fundamental role for dopamine in regulating behavioral energy expenditure. PMID: 26281715
  23. D2R agonist treatment blocks tumor growth, induces regression of the aberrant blood supply and normalizes blood vessels. An anti-Vegf therapy is also effective to restrain tumor growth and improves vascular remodeling. Importantly, only the combination treatment suppresses intratumoral hemorrhage and restores blood vessel perfusion, suggesting that it might represent an attractive therapy targeting tumor vasculature PMID: 28152577
  24. These results suggest that DRD2 activation is involved in alleviation of CIA symptoms by amelioration of Th17/Treg imbalance. PMID: 26693483
  25. Study demonstrated that chronic social defeat stress induced increased expression of DRD2 dimers in the prefrontal cortex of susceptible and/or unsusceptible mice PMID: 26484605
  26. This shows that mood stabilizers lamotrigine, lithium and valproate can exert behavioral effects in mice by disrupting the beta-arrestin 2-mediated regulation of Akt/GSK3 signaling by D2 dopamine receptors. PMID: 26459714
  27. The results reveal that isoform D2S, but not D2L receptors, exhibited calcium-dependent desensitization similar to that exhibited by endogenous autoreceptors. PMID: 26308580
  28. Our results show that D2R controls renal inflammation, at least in part, by modulation of the Akt pathway through effects on PP2A activity/expression. PMID: 26290374
  29. Results suggest that low levels of DRD2 autoreceptors enhance the salience of cocaine-paired cues and can contribute to the vulnerability for cocaine use and relapse PMID: 25547712
  30. These results suggest that in addition to the glutamatergic hilar mossy cells, D2R-expressing cells constitute a subpopulation of GABAergic hippocampal interneurons. PMID: 25545461
  31. cerebral ischemia induced the expression of D2R on Iba1-immunoreactive inflammatory cells in the infarct core and penumbra PMID: 26104289
  32. This study demonstrated that Upregulation of dopamine D2 receptors in the nucleus accumbens leads to hyperactivity in the open field. PMID: 25578797
  33. Data suggest that investigation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) and its signaling in D2 receptor-expressing indirect pathway medium-sized spiny neurons (iMSNs) would better understand the mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders. PMID: 26305972
  34. Study showed increased expression in striatum membranes and decreased expression in frontal cortex membranes for both DRD2 and Htr2a from heterozygous Reelin mutant mice compared to wild-type PMID: 25637489
  35. Results suggest that basal dopamine release in the basolateral amygdala, at least partially, increases respiratory rates only through post-synaptic D2-like receptors, not autoreceptors, which might be associated with emotional responses PMID: 25281921
  36. Study shows that presynaptic D2Rs in dopamine fibers of the temporal hippocampus tightly modulate long-term depression expression and play a major role in the regulation of hippocampal learning and memory PMID: 24742619
  37. Results indicate that dopamine signaling modulates interneuron number and emotional behavior and that developmental D2 receptor loss or blockade could reveal a potential mechanism for the prodromal basis of neuropsychiatric disorders PMID: 25393953
  38. The alternatively spliced forms of the D2 receptor appear to be equally capable of acting as postsynaptic receptors and autoreceptors. PMID: 23811070
  39. The beta-arrestin-biased D2R caused a significant potentiation of amphetamine-induced locomotion, whereas the G protein-biased D2R had minimal effects. PMID: 25964346
  40. Results demonstrate that D2 receptors play an important role in the activity-dependent functional development of the mouse retina PMID: 25393815
  41. dopamine D2 receptor activity in the striatum alters the firing pattern of dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area PMID: 25675529
  42. This study showed that endocrine-mediated D2R actions on sexual dimorphic liver gene expression, which may be relevant during chronic dopaminergic medications in psychiatric disease. PMID: 25545383
  43. Hipposampal Drd2 expression in wild-type mice is limited to glutamatergic hilar mossy cells. Its activation by quinpirole induces a long-lasting increase in excitability of hilar mossy cells, via the Akt/GSK pathway. It can be blocked by raclopride. PMID: 24753432
  44. results suggest D2 receptors in the hippocampus are important for place response stability; place-cell properties of D2R-KO mice were similar to aged animals suggesting alterations of place-cell properties in aged animals may be due partly to alterations in the D2R in the hippocampal formation of aged animals PMID: 24747614
  45. Data indicate that sestrin2 expression is upregulated by dopamine D2 receptor. PMID: 25024286
  46. Its activation enhances reward system activity in methamphetamine dependence. PMID: 24748435
  47. DDR2 binding and activation were disrupted by collagen glycation, pointing to a mechanism for the diminished levels of lysyl oxidase and consequently low lysyl oxidase-derived cross-links in diabetic bone. PMID: 24120383
  48. The time course of D2R- and noradrenaline receptor-mediated transmission reflects underlying differences in the extent of spillover and pooling of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs). PMID: 24872568
  49. demonstrate that D2R activation decreases huntingtin phosphorylation on its Akt site PMID: 24619418
  50. Silencing of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area was indispensable for inducing aversive responses and learning through dopamine D2 receptors in the nucleus accumbens. PMID: 24737889

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Subcellular Location
Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Golgi apparatus membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
Protein Families
G-protein coupled receptor 1 family
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in retinal hyaloid vessels at postnatal day 6.; [Isoform 1]: Expressed in the pituitary gland, stratum, brain stem and cortex.; [Isoform 2]: Expressed in the brain stem.
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