Recombinant Human Interleukin-33 protein(IL33) (Active)

1. IL-33 has a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and affects the expression of IL-4, IL-17A, and of hypergammaglobulinemia PMID: 30034292
2. The serum levels of IL-33 and IL-31 were significantly up-regulated in both AR and allergic asthma patients compared with normal individuals. PMID: 30301503
3. chromatin binding is a post-translational mechanism that regulates the releasability and ST2-mediated bioactivity of IL-33. PMID: 30108214
4. Results indicate that the interaction between FLIL33 and IPO5 is localized to a specific segment of the FLIL33 protein, is not required for nuclear localization of FLIL33, and protects FLIL33 from proteasome-dependent degradation. PMID: 29127199
5. Data suggest that targeting interleukin 33 (IL-33) may be an effective treatment for sepsis-induced immunosuppression. PMID: 28374774
6. Oxidative stress is involved in the expression of IL-33 in airway epithelial cells via MAPK signal pathway and IL-33 expression is augmented during viral infection. PMID: 29587772
7. IL-33 expression plays an important role in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp. PMID: 29186722
8. IL-33(high) cholangiocarcinomas may represent a unique, less aggressive carcinogenetic process of the large bile ducts PMID: 29675965
9. Our data suggest that IL-33 produced by M2 macrophages might contribute to the pathogenesis of IgG4-RD via aberrant activation of Th2 immune responses. PMID: 28205524
10. The GLDC/IL33 locus on chromosome 9p24.1 as associated with overall survival in patients with osteosarcoma. PMID: 29210060
11. Serum and sputum IL-33 levels were higher in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease subjects with sputum eosinophilia compared to those with a normal eosinophil count. PMID: 29859068
12. Studies suggest that IL-33 acts as a possible pathogenic role in allergic diseases mainly by instructing the activation of various ST2-expressing cells and the production of several immune factors. The mechanisms underlying IL-33-mediated inflammation have been immunologically analyzed. However, much remains regarding the accurate functions and underlying mechanisms of the IL-33-ST2 signaling pathway. [review] PMID: 29987222
13. Higher IL-33 and lower s-ST2 receptor baseline serum levels were detected in Pru p 3--sensitized allergic patients (SAP). IL-33/s-ST2 ratio is increased in Pru p 3-SAP and more in patients who experienced severe systemic symptoms. PMID: 29774370
14. Strong immune reaction to herpes virus infection may depend on strong IL-33 expression in the epidermis, while very weak immune reaction in samples from patients with verruca vulgaris may be due to low or no expression of IL-33 in the lesional epidermis. PMID: 29696682
15. data indicate that during acute, resolving colitis, IL-33/ST2 plays a crucial role in gut mucosal healing by inducing epithelial-derived miR-320 that promotes epithelial repair/restitution and the resolution of inflammation. PMID: 30224451
16. IL-33 facilitates proliferation of colorectal cancer dependent on COX2/PGE2. IL-33 functions via its receptor ST2 and upregulates COX2 expression through NF-kappaB signaling. Understanding the IL-33 signal transduction in colorectal cancer (CRC)cells provides potential therapeutic targets for clinical treatment PMID: 30119635
17. Preincubation of LAD2 cells with the natural flavonoid methoxyluteolin (1-100 mM) inhibits (P < 0.0001) secretion and gene expression of IL-1beta, procaspase-1, and pro-IL-1beta. Mast cell secretion of IL-1beta in response to SP and IL-33 reveals targets for the development of antiinflammatory therapies. PMID: 30232261
18. IL-33 could be suggested as a novel biomarker to distinguish different types of Salivary gland tumors PMID: 29991126
19. IL-33 can regulate deposition of ECM and promote the process of pulmonary fibrosis by inducing the imbalance between MMP-9 and TIMP-1. PMID: 29417309
20. these data demonstrate the expression of IL33 in oral lichen planus lesions PMID: 29633015
21. The aim of this study was to explore the possible correlations of serum interleukins and soluble ST2 (sST2) protein with clinical features and inflammatory cytokines in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. PMID: 29798971
22. IL-33 may down-regulate CLDN1 expression through the ERK/STAT3 pathway in keratinocytes. PMID: 29534857
23. IL-33 promotes Renal Cell Carcinoma cell proliferation and chemotherapy resistance via its receptor ST2 and the JNK signaling activation in tumor cells. PMID: 29763892
24. Low IL-33 expression is associated with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis susceptibility only in females. PMID: 29378942
25. High IL33 expression is associated with schistosome infection. PMID: 29554131
26. Serum IL-33 levels were significantly higher in patients with Behcet's disease compared to the healthy controls. PMID: 28412856
27. In the present review, we have discussed the cellular sources, modes of action and regulation of IL-17 and IL-33 in the context of hypersensitive diseases [Review] PMID: 29153708
28. results suggest that IL-33 acts as a cytokine but not as a nuclear factor regulating gene expression in endothelial cells PMID: 27694941
29. IL-33 increased IL-10 expression in MFCs via activating ERK 1/2 and STAT3, which subsequently promoted IL-10 transcription and thus contributed to the beneficial effects of IL-33 on MFCs. PMID: 29099095
30. IL-33 contributes to hepatic granuloma pathology through induction of M2 macrophages during S. japonicum infection. PMID: 27445267
31. Serum levels of ST2, IL-33 and BNP were independent risk factors for major adverse cardiovascular events in acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention. PMID: 28623858
32. Recombinant human IL33 inhibited trophoblast invasion and adhesion, and decreased adhesion and invasionassociated molecules such as integrin alpha4beta1 and CD62L. PMID: 28765940
33. TNF synthesis and secretion by mast cells is amplified by interactions of substance P and IL-33. PMID: 28461492
34. Interleukin-33 signaling contributes to renal fibrosis following ischemia reperfusion PMID: 28668506
35. Findings indicate that IL33 may be involved in the process of glioma cell invasion and migration by upregulating MMP2 and MMP9 via the ST2-NF-kappaB signaling pathway. PMID: 28849217
36. IL-33 deficiency in mice does not lessen liver fibrosis during diet-induced steatohepatitis, in contrast to previous studies indicating a deleterious role of exogenous IL-33 in chronic liver injury and experimental NAFLD. PMID: 28611297
37. The downregulation of epithelial IL-33 expression may potentially serve as a marker for disease remission in UC together with other biomarkers including mucosal TNF. PMID: 27748438
38. Findings indicate that IL-10 act as a negative regulator of IL-33/ST2 signaling pathways in vivo. PMID: 28415811
39. Study identify that IL-33 expression is reduced in many carcinomas upon their transition to the metastatic form of disease and, appears to be directly correlated with MHC-I and possibly co-regulated. These results suggest that the down-regulation of IL-33 takes place concomitantly with the transition from primary to metastatic tumors and represents an entirely new form of tumor immune-escape. PMID: 27619158
40. The proinflammatory cytokine IL-33 induces differential tissue factor expression and activity in monocyte subsets, as well as the release of procoagulant microvesicless. In this manner, IL-33 may contribute to the formation of a prothrombotic state characteristic for cardiovascular disease. PMID: 28492698
41. this review and meta-analysis showed that serum IL33 is a helpful biomarker for early diagnosis of childhood asthma PMID: 28410870
42. IL-33 down-regulates the induction of hCAP-18/LL-37 production in human gingival epithelial cells. PMID: 28637951
43. We found significantly higher serum IL-33 and soluble ST2 levels in patients with active adult-onset Still's disease. Results indicate that the IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway may play a role in the pathogenesis of the acute inflammation and skin manifestations associated with adult-onset Still's disease. PMID: 28365573
44. IL-33 expression is associated with age and invasive depth of GC patients. PMID: 28000059
45. serum levels elevated in both idiopathic granulomatous mastitis and breast cancer PMID: 27780363
46. IL-33 induces IL-8 expression via JNK/c-Jun/AP-1 pathway in human vascular endothelial cells, and provides a new insight into the role of IL-33-induced IL-8 in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation PMID: 29373608
47. a relationship between glucose homeostasis and the IL-33/ST2 axis after transplantation PMID: 28013014
48. The results of the present study indicate that ISTP may inhibit TARC/CCL17 production in human epidermal keratinocytes via the STAT1 signaling pathway and may be associated with the inhibition of IL33 production. PMID: 28447741
49. Data suggest that interleukin-33 (IL-33) isoforms activate basophils and mast cells to drive type 2 inflammation in chronic stable asthma. PMID: 27432971
50. Through induction of TF in vascular endothelial cells, IL-33 could enhance their thrombotic capacity and thereby might impact on thrombus formation in the setting of atherosclerosis. PMID: 27142573
51. Upregulation of GM-CSF and M-CSF production by endothelial cells, an effect that appears to be mediated by NF-kappaB and to be independent of IL-1, may be an additional mechanism through which IL-33 contributes to inflammatory activation of the vessel wall. PMID: 27173404
52. IL-33 could induce EMT. PMID: 29122645
53. Serum IL-33 and sST2 levels, and CD4+ST2L+ expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells are closely associated with HIV-1 infection and immune reconstitution in patients received highly-active antiretroviral therapy. PMID: 28466817
54. IL-33 is closely interlinked in AD skins and keratinocytes. IL-33 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of immune inflammatory responses in AD, which might be a possible therapeutic target in the treatment of AD. PMID: 27348082
55. IL-33 induced MUC5AC mRNA and MUC5AC protein, and also goblet cell hyperplasia at air liquid interface culture in human nasal epithelial cells. In addition to that, IL-33 induced MUC5B and FOXA3, and reduces FOXJmRNA. PMID: 27776277
56. IL-33-polymorphisms rs928413 and rs1342326 may account for an increased risk of hay fever with the age of 6 years PMID: 27171815
57. among systemic sclerosis patients in China, dyspnea was significantly associated with IL-33 rs7044343 allele frequency PMID: 27098064
58. Reconstitution of ST2 (IL-1R4) specific for IL-33 activity; no suppression by IL-1Ra though a common chain IL-1R3 (IL-1RAcP) shared with IL-1 PMID: 27031441
59. Serum IL-33 level is elevated in active BD patients. PMID: 28502139
60. Detectable serum IL-33 may predict clinical response to rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis patients PMID: 27964756
61. TNF-alpha stimulated IL-33 expression through ERK, p38, and NFkappaB pathways in primary nasal epithelial cells and A549 cells PMID: 27060290
62. serum levels determined of both T cell polarizing (IL- 33 and IL-12) and T cell effector (IFN-gamma, IL-4, IL-10, IL-17 and IL-9) cytokines in T1DM (type-1 Diabetes Mellitus) subjects with and without microvascular complications (MVC). All the tested cytokines were significantly elevated in T1DM subjects except for IFN-gamma with no significant difference between those with and withodifference between those with and wi... PMID: 27442004
63. Study demonstrates that IL-33 and ST2 are highly expressed by various central nervous system (CNS) resident cells, and there was a change of the expression levels and patterns of both molecules in the CNS lesions of multiple sclerosis (MS)patients compared with healthy brain tissues. Furthermore, IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway may have its unique important function in the myelination process in the CNS compartment. PMID: 27455844
64. TGF-beta1 also suppressed the combined effects of IL-33 and IgE-mediated activation on mouse and human mast cells. The role of IL-33 in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases is incompletely understood. These findings, demonstrate that TGF-beta1 can provide broad inhibitory signals to activated mast cells. PMID: 28637902
65. IL-33-induced MMP-9 expression in the mouse monocyte/macrophage line RAW264.7. PMID: 28105703
66. LTR-IL-33 expression is required for optimal CRC cell line growth PMID: 28715472
67. Taken together, the present study indicates that IL-33 localized in the human atherosclerotic plaque increases GRO-alpha mRNA expression and protein secretion via activation of ERK1/2, JNK, and NF-kappaB in HUVECs, suggesting that IL-33 plays an important role in the pathophysiology and development of atherosclerosis. PMID: 28637660
68. These data suggest that plasmacytoid dendritic cells producing IFN-alpha and IL-33 play a pivotal role in the chronic fibro-inflammatory responses underlying murine autoimmune pancreatitis and human IgG4-related autoimmune pancreatitis. PMID: 28373582
69. Data provide evidence that increased IL-33/ST2 levels in patients with chronic kidney disease are an indicator of increased inflammation, impaired endothelial functions, and cardiovascular events. PMID: 28614418
70. Incresed expression of IL-33 in colorectal cancer cells enhanced their tumor take, growth, and liver metastasis. PMID: 27120577
71. Serum levels of IL-33 were positively correlated with cognitive performance in patients with Schizophrenia. PMID: 28126482
72. This is the first study reporting the IL-33 gene polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus PMID: 27449905
73. Our data suggest a role for IL-33 in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps via neutrophil recruitment. PMID: 27885166
74. the IL-33 rs7044343 T allele could be a susceptibility marker for premature coronary artery disease and central obesity PMID: 28045954
75. Plasma IL-33 level in patients with stable COPD was related to eosinophil count, age factors and chronic bronchitis phenotype. PMID: 28176939
76. results indicate that rhinovirus (RV) stimulates CXCL-10 expression via the IL-33/ST2 signaling axis, and that TLR2 signaling limits RV-induced CXCL-10 via IRAK-1 depletion at least in airway epithelial cells PMID: 27503209
77. PIBF1 expression by B cells is induced by the mucosal alarmin IL-33. PMID: 27918564
78. IL-33 is released after mechanical skin injury, enhances IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation, and promotes oral anaphylaxis after epicutaneous sensitization by targeting mast cells. IL-33 neutralization might be useful in treating food-induced anaphylaxis in patients with atopic dermatitis. PMID: 27372570
79. We demonstrate that allergic sensitization through a disrupted skin barrier promotes development of experimental eosinophilic esophagitis that is critically mediated by the IL-33-ST2 axis and basophils PMID: 27233150
80. this study shows that IL-33 may be involved in the pathogenesis of asthma and rhinitis; dust mite and mugwort allergy could increase it significantly PMID: 28303765
81. Our novel findings suggest that platelets might be important cellular sources of IL-33 protein in vivo and that platelet-derived IL-33 might play a role in airway inflammation PMID: 27056266
82. Results strengthen a potent role for IL-33 in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and suggest that it induces overexpression of RANK-L and subsequently increase alveolar bone loss. PMID: 27992569
83. The higher levels of IL-33 and its receptor ST2 in tissue and serum reflect an active inflammatory state and may represent a potential biomarker for disease activity. PMID: 26343805
84. The results, for the first time, indicated that the increased IL-33/ST2 may be involved in the regulation of immunopathology induced by C. sinensis. PMID: 26944417
85. Data indicate that interleukin 33 (IL-33) expression levels in patients' freshly isolated breast cancer cells predicts tamoxifen resistance and cancer stem cell features in individual patient. PMID: 28216163
86. Elevated serum levels of IL-33 indicated liver damage in chronic hepatitis B patients. PMID: 27180842
87. rs146597587-C is a loss of function mutation which supports the hypothesis that IL-33 haploinsufficiency protects against asthma PMID: 28273074
88. findings seem to indicate that IL-33 effects may be detrimental during osteonecrosis of femoral head , which appeared to be associated with the prognosis of ONFH. The IL-33 deserves particular attention in the pathogenesis of ONFH. PMID: 28167850
89. interfering GLUT1 expression dampens IL-33-enhanced glucose uptake and glycolysis in NSCLC cells, thereby abrogates IL-33-induced NSCLC outgrowth and metastasis PMID: 27644880
90. this study identified the active promoter region of hIL-33 that responds to IFNg in normal human epidermal keratinocytes and normal human dermal fibroblasts. PMID: 27955843
91. The Interleukin (IL)-33 is an inflammatory cytokine. There are eleven members of the IL-1 family of cytokines and all have important roles in host defense against infections. IL-33 is also associated with autoimmune diseases such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and atherosclerosis. PMID: 27092422
92. HIF-1alpha-dependent IL-33 in IEC functions as a regulatory cytokine in inflamed mucosa of IBD. PMID: 27921309
93. Studies provide evidence that in response to tissue damage, IL-33 is released as a nuclear alarmin and triggers innate and adaptive immune responses by binding to its receptor ST2. Recent evidence from clinical and experimental animal studies indicates that the IL-33/ST2 axis is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease, renal graft injury, systemic lupus nephritis, and acute kidney injury.[review] PMID: 28387719
94. Studies indicate that interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-1alpha, IL-33 and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) enter the extracellular space through mechanisms collectively known as unconventional secretion. PMID: 28067797
95. High IL-33 expression is associated with polycystic ovary syndrome. PMID: 27146815
96. IL-33 showed significantly higher expression with increasing tumour grade in both malignant serous and mucinous tumours PMID: 28325363
97. IL-33 expression is a novel prognostic marker for malignant salivary gland tumors PMID: 26912475
98. The results of this study showed that the elevated IL-33 protein levels in glioma tissues compared to those in normal brain tissues. PMID: 27050560
99. IL-33, which is a representative Th2 cytokine, affect as a crucial factor of skin barrier dysfunction by reducing FLG expression in human keratinocytes. PMID: 26867960
100. HMGB1 and IL-33 could play a significant role in the atopic dermatitis pathophysiology due to negative regulation of structural proteins, stratum corneum formation and epidermal growth. PMID: 27868148

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HGNC: 16028

OMIM: 608678

KEGG: hsa:90865

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000370842

UniGene: Hs.731660