Recombinant Human Interleukin-36 gamma (IL36G) (Active)

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Code CSB-AP002041HU
Size $354
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Product Details

Purity
>95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Endotoxin
Less than 1.0 EU/μg as determined by LAL method.
Activity
Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The ED50 as determined by its ability to induce IL-8 secretion by human preadipocytes is less than 10 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of >1x105 IU/mg.
Target Names
IL36G
Uniprot No.
Research Area
Immunology
Alternative Names
IL 1 epsilon; IL 1 related protein 2; IL 1(EPSILON); IL 1F9; IL 1H1; IL 1RP2; IL-1 epsilon; IL-1-related protein 2; IL-1F9; IL-1H1; IL-1RP2; IL1E; Il1f9; IL1F9_HUMAN; IL1H1; IL1RP2; IL36 gamma; IL36G; Interleukin 1 epsilon; Interleukin 1 family member 9; Interleukin 1 homolog 1; Interleukin 1 related protein 2; Interleukin 36 gamma; Interleukin-1 epsilon; Interleukin-1 family member 9; Interleukin-1 homolog 1
Species
Homo sapiens (Human)
Source
E.coli
Expression Region
18-169aa
Complete Sequence
SMCKPITGTI NDLNQQVWTL QGQNLVAVPR SDSVTPVTVA VITCKYPEAL EQGRGDPIYL GIQNPEMCLY CEKVGEQPTL QLKEQKIMDL YGQPEPVKPF LFYRAKTGRT STLESVAFPD WFIASSKRDQ PIILTSELGK SYNTAFELNI ND
Mol. Weight
17.0 kDa
Protein Length
Full Length of Mature Protein
Tag Info
Tag-Free
Form
Lyophilized powder
Buffer
Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered PBS, pH 7.4
Reconstitution
We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.
Troubleshooting and FAQs
Storage Condition
Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Shelf Life
The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Lead Time
5-10 business days
Notes
Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
Datasheet & COA
Please contact us to get it.

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Target Background

Function
Cytokine that binds to and signals through the IL1RL2/IL-36R receptor which in turn activates NF-kappa-B and MAPK signaling pathways in target cells. Part of the IL-36 signaling system that is thought to be present in epithelial barriers and to take part in local inflammatory response; similar to the IL-1 system with which it shares the coreceptor IL1RAP. Seems to be involved in skin inflammatory response by acting on keratinocytes, dendritic cells and indirectly on T-cells to drive tissue infiltration, cell maturation and cell proliferation. In cultured keratinocytes induces the expression of macrophage, T-cell, and neutrophil chemokines, such as CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL2, CCL17, CCL22, CL20, CCL5, CCL2, CCL17, CCL22, CXCL8, CCL20 and CXCL1; also stimulates its own expression and that of the prototypic cutaneous proinflammatory parameters TNF-alpha, S100A7/psoriasin and inducible NOS. May play a role in proinflammatory responses during particular neutrophilic airway inflammation: activates mitogen-activated protein kinases and NF-kappa B in primary lung fibroblasts, and stimulates the expression of IL-8 and CXCL3 and Th17 chemokine CCL20 in lung fibroblasts. May be involved in the innate immune response to fungal pathogens, such as Aspergillus fumigatus.
Gene References into Functions
  1. serum IL-36gamma levels were higher in active systemic lupus erythematosus patients and correlated with disease activity and arthritis PMID: 29571080
  2. Cathepsin S was identified as the major IL-36gamma-activating protease expressed in epithelial cells. PMID: 28289191
  3. enhanced expression of IL-36gamma was observed in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome because of bacterial pneumonia PMID: 28176791
  4. IL-36-mediated IL-6 and CXCL8 production in human lung fibroblasts and bronchial epithelial cells may be involved in pulmonary inflammation especially caused by bacterial or viral infections. PMID: 28869889
  5. With a focus on the skin as a target for microbial and viral invasion, the current knowledge of IL-36: IL-36alpha, IL-36beta and IL-36gamma, functions is reviewed. One physiological function of the IL-36smay be to counteract microbial immune evasion. [Review] PMID: 28811383
  6. IL-36gamma inhibits differentiation and induces inflammation of keratinocyte via Wnt signaling pathway in psoriasis. PMID: 28924372
  7. IL-36gamma-stimulated endothelial cells secrete the proinflammatory chemokines IL-8, CCL2 and CCL20. PMID: 27673278
  8. skin injury increases IL-36gamma via the activation of TLR3-SLUG-VDR axis and IL-36gamma induces REG3A to promote wound healing PMID: 28774595
  9. Autocrine and Paracrine Regulation of Keratinocyte Proliferation through a Novel Nrf2-IL-36gamma Pathway PMID: 27183581
  10. Here the authors show that Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of macrophages induces IL-36gamma production in a 2-stage-regulated fashion. PMID: 27389350
  11. IL-36gamma, a member of the IL-1 superfamily, is involved in host defense and contributes to proinflammatory responses and development of inflammatory diseases. PMID: 27853811
  12. IL-36gamma is significantly more strongly expressed in the epidermis of patients with psoriasis-based erythroderma than in other inflammatory skin diseases. PMID: 26524325
  13. Study shows that plasma concentrations of IL-36alpha and IL-36gamma are overexpressed in active systemic lupus erythematosus patients and that IL-36alpha has a substantial pro-inflammatory effect through regulation of IL-6 and CXCL8 production. PMID: 26516833
  14. IRF6 is likely to promote inflammation to P. gingivalis through its regulation of IL-36gamma. PMID: 26819203
  15. Findings indicate that Interleukin (IL)-1beta-induced interleukin 36 gamma (IL-36gamma) expression is mediated by the activation of transcriptional factors, NF-kappaB p65 and AP-1 (c-jun). PMID: 26562662
  16. IL36G was identified as strong regulators of skin pathology in both lesional and non-lesional skin samples. PMID: 25897967
  17. Decreased Langerhans cell responses to IL36G: altered innate immunity in patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis PMID: 24950037
  18. IL-36gamma expression inversely correlated with the progression of human melanoma and lung cancer. PMID: 26321222
  19. IL-36gamma is a valuable biomarker in psoriasis patients, both for diagnostic purposes and measurement of disease activity during the clinical course PMID: 25525775
  20. CAMP induces IL-36gamma expression leading to initiation of skin inflammation and occasional exacerbations of psoriasis. PMID: 25305315
  21. IL-36 promotes myeloid cell infiltration, activation, and inflammatory activity in skin PMID: 24829417
  22. This is the first report of extracellular release of endogenous IL-36gamma through pyroptosis suggesting a function of IL-36gamma as an alarmin. PMID: 22318382
  23. Data presented herein shed further light on involvement of T-bet in innate immunity and suggest that IL-36gamma, besides IFNgamma, may contribute to functions of this transcription factor in immunopathology. PMID: 23095752
  24. Interleukin-36 (IL-36) ligands require processing for full agonist (IL-36alpha, IL-36beta, and IL-36gamma) or antagonist (IL-36Ra) activity PMID: 21965679
  25. Regulation and function of the IL-1 family cytokine IL-1F9 in human bronchial epithelial cells. PMID: 20870894
  26. Expression of IL-1F9 is increased in human plaque psoriasis skin and is overexpressed in a transgenic mouse psoriasis model. PMID: 21242515
  27. IL-1F6 and IL-1F8, in addition to IL-1F9, activate the pathway leading to NF-kappaB in an IL-1Rrp2-dependent manner in Jurkat cells PMID: 14734551
  28. This is the first report of IL-1 genotype association with the inflammation of skeletal muscle following acute resistance exercise that may potentially affect the adaptations to chronic resistance exercise. PMID: 15331687
  29. This report demonstrates expression of IL1F9 by bronchial epithelial cells induced by pro-inflammatory stimuli, suggesting a function of this molecule in airway inflammation. PMID: 15701729

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Subcellular Location
Cytoplasm. Secreted.
Protein Families
IL-1 family
Tissue Specificity
Highly expressed in tissues containing epithelial cells: skin, lung, stomach and esophagus. Expressed in bronchial epithelial. In skin is expressed only in keratinocytes but not in fibroblasts, endothelial cells or melanocytes. Up-regulated in lesional ps
Database Links

HGNC: 15741

OMIM: 605542

KEGG: hsa:56300

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000259205

UniGene: Hs.211238

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