Product Details

Purity

>97% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Endotoxin

Less than 1.0 EU/μg as determined by LAL method.

Activity

Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The biological activity determined by a chemotaxis bioassay using PHA and rHuIL-2 activated human peripheral blood T-lymphocytes is in a concentration range of 20-80 ng/ml.

Target Names

CXCL12

Uniprot No.

P48061

Research Area

Immunology

Alternative Names

12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate repressed protein 1; AI174028; C-X-C motif chemokine 12; Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (stromal cell-derived factor 1); Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12; Chemokine CXC motif ligand 12; cxcl12; hIRH; hSDF-1; Intercrine reduced in hepatomas; IRH; OTTHUMP00000019491 ; PBSF; Pre-B cell growth-stimulating factor; SCYB12; SDF 1; SDF-1; SDF-1-alpha(3-67); SDF-1a; SDF-1b; SDF1_HUMAN; SDF1A; SDF1B; Stromal cell-derived factor 1; Stromal cell-derived factor 1 delta ; Stromal cell-derived factor 1 gamma ; Stromal cell-derived factor 1a ; Stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha ; Thymic lymphoma cell-stimulating factor; Tlsf; TLSF-a; TLSF-b; Tlsfa; Tlsfb; TPAR1

Species

Homo sapiens (Human)

Source

E.coli

Expression Region

22-93aa

Complete Sequence

KPVSLSYRCP CRFFESHVAR ANVKHLKILN TPNCALQIVA RLKNNNRQVC IDPKLKWIQE YLEKALNKRF KM

Mol. Weight

8.5 kDa

Protein Length

Full Length of Mature Protein

Tag Info

Tag-Free

Form

Lyophilized powder

Buffer

Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered PBS, pH 7.4

Reconstitution

We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.

Troubleshooting and FAQs

Protein FAQs

Storage Condition

Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Shelf Life

The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.

Lead Time

5-10 business days

Notes

Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Datasheet & COA

Please contact us to get it.

Description

CXCL12/SDF-1 is a pivotal chemokine that signals through CXCR4 and CXCR7 to regulate lymphocyte trafficking, hematopoietic stem cell homing, and tumor metastasis, making validated recombinant material essential for mechanistic studies. This tag-free recombinant human CXCL12 encompasses the full-length mature sequence (residues 22–93) produced in *E. coli*, and it demonstrates confirmed chemotactic activity on PHA/IL-2–activated human peripheral blood T-lymphocytes at 20–80 ng/ml, providing a suitable basis for Transwell migration assays, CXCR4 signaling pathway analyses involving MAPK and PI3K/Akt cascades, and in vivo models of inflammation or tumor biology. Endotoxin levels below 1.0 EU/μg minimize LPS-driven artifacts in sensitive immune cell functional assays, while purity exceeding 97% by SDS-PAGE supports use as a reference standard in CXCL12 detection ELISAs or as a positive control for antibody validation in Western blot applications.

Target Background

Function

Chemoattractant active on T-lymphocytes and monocytes but not neutrophils. Activates the C-X-C chemokine receptor CXCR4 to induce a rapid and transient rise in the level of intracellular calcium ions and chemotaxis. SDF-1-beta(3-72) and SDF-1-alpha(3-67) show a reduced chemotactic activity. Binding to cell surface proteoglycans seems to inhibit formation of SDF-1-alpha(3-67) and thus to preserve activity on local sites. Also binds to atypical chemokine receptor ACKR3, which activates the beta-arrestin pathway and acts as a scavenger receptor for SDF-1. Binds to the allosteric site (site 2) of integrins and activates integrins ITGAV:ITGB3, ITGA4:ITGB1 and ITGA5:ITGB1 in a CXCR4-independent manner. Acts as a positive regulator of monocyte migration and a negative regulator of monocyte adhesion via the LYN kinase. Stimulates migration of monocytes and T-lymphocytes through its receptors, CXCR4 and ACKR3, and decreases monocyte adherence to surfaces coated with ICAM-1, a ligand for beta-2 integrins. SDF1A/CXCR4 signaling axis inhibits beta-2 integrin LFA-1 mediated adhesion of monocytes to ICAM-1 through LYN kinase. Inhibits CXCR4-mediated infection by T-cell line-adapted HIV-1. Plays a protective role after myocardial infarction. Induces down-regulation and internalization of ACKR3 expressed in various cells. Has several critical functions during embryonic development; required for B-cell lymphopoiesis, myelopoiesis in bone marrow and heart ventricular septum formation. Stimulates the proliferation of bone marrow-derived B-cell progenitors in the presence of IL7 as well as growth of stromal cell-dependent pre-B-cells.

Gene References into Functions

CXCL12-positive cases exhibited shorter disease-free survival rates compared to CXCL12-negative cases. PMID: 30182340
this study shows an essential role of CXCR7, together with CXCR4, in the control of normal and malignant hematopoietic cell migration and homing induced by CXCL12. PMID: 29433559
CXCL12 rs1801157 is independently associated with Human papillomavirus infection and exerts influence in high grade intraepithelial lesions development PMID: 30227860
silencing of CXCL12 had a protective effect on podocyte injury, which may be through inhibiting CXCL12/STAT3 signaling pathway. PMID: 29508174
The CXCL12/SDF1 protein expression is a good prognostic biomarker in breast cancer. PMID: 29800557
the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis promotes the migration, invasion, and EMT processes in B-CPAP cells, at least partly, by activating the NF-kappaB signaling pathway. PMID: 29316404
Study shows that CXCL12 methylation-mediated epigenetic regulation of gene expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The study was the first to perform an reduced representation bisulfite sequencing analysis for PTC and suggested that CXCL12 may contribute to PTC development by methylation-mediated epigenetic regulation of gene expression. PMID: 28272462
results demonstrate that non-oxidizable HMGB1 induce a sustained cardiac fibroblasts migration despite the redox state of the environment and by altering CXCL12/CXCR4 axis. This affects proper cardiac remodeling after an infarction. PMID: 28716707
A basis for understanding how multiple elements in the sequence encoding the 3'UTR of the CXCL12 gene regulates its transcription and insights about diseases involving abnormal CXCL12alpha expression. PMID: 30266500
High SDF-1 expression is associated with bladder cancer progression. PMID: 30015971
High CXCL12 expression is associated with metastasis in colon cancer. PMID: 29305742
MiR-125b functions as an important downstream mediator upon the activation of CXCL12/CXCR4 axis. PMID: 28176874
CXCL12-related rs18011517 polymorphism was more frequent in non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients: it might be associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma pathogenesis and outcome PMID: 30197351
Data suggest that CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 are critical in maintaining homeostasis, specifically during hematopoiesis. Present clinical trials (especially in hematological tumors) are testing whether adding CXCR4 inhibitors to impair tumor dissemination will increase effectiveness of ongoing anti-cancer treatments. (CXCL12 = C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12; CXCR4 = C-X-C motif chemokine receptor-4) [REVIEW] PMID: 29288743
BCP-ALL cells actively migrate toward mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in a CXCL12-dependent manner. PMID: 28619846
Serum CXCR4 and CXCL12 levels increase significantly in septic neonates and they are valuable marker in diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. Serum concentrations of both chemokines represent promising novel biomarkers for neonatal sepsis. PMID: 28562124
CXCL12 and CXCR4 polymorphisms may be risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and they may be potential HCC markers. PMID: 29741398
Stromal cell derived factor-1/C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 axis induces human dental pulp stem cell migration through FAK/PI3K/Akt and GSK3beta/beta-catenin pathways. PMID: 28067275
EGFR Over-expression and Mutations Leading to Biological Characteristics Changes of Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells through CXCR4/CXCL12 Signaling Pathway PMID: 30037369
Serum CXCL12, but not CXCR4, Is Associated with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas. PMID: 29693336
The aim of the present study was to assess whether fibrosis markers, estrogen receptor (ER)alpha and the stromal derived factor (SDF)1/CXC chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) axis are abnormally expressed in Intrauterine adhesions endometrium. PMID: 29568895
HIV-1 infectors with SDF-1 3'A polymorphism have a higher chance of developing late AIDS. PMID: 30053458
the SDF1/CXCR4 signaling pathway is involved in Lowintensity pulsed ultrasoundpromoted periodontal ligament stem cell migration. PMID: 29620151
These results suggest that SDF1 (e.g. presented on proteoglycans) can rapidly activate integrins in an allosteric manner by binding to site 2 in the absence of CXCR4. The allosteric integrin activation by SDF1 is a novel target for drug discovery PMID: 29301984
CXCL12 single nucleotide polymorphisms association with the risk of hypertension in Chinese Han population. PMID: 30180964
These results suggest a key role for the CXCR4-CXCL12 chemokine axis in breast cancer progression and highlight the prognostic importance of this chemokine axis for breast cancer survival. PMID: 29516917
serum SDF-1 is increased in and may be a potential useful marker for primary biliary cholangitis PMID: 29414663
disruption of the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis by CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 blocked the contribution of both cancer and stromal cells to the metastatic cascade in the liver. PMID: 29436696
SDF-1 alpha overexpression in bone marrow-derived stromal stem cells promotes bone generation as indicated by osteogenesis and angiogenesis. PMID: 29758548
These results suggest that SDF1, as an inflammatory cytokine, induces MMP expression in human endplate chondrocytes and that ECM remodeling in the degenerated cartilage endplate may be a favorable factor of endogenous stem cell homing into the nucleus pulposus for regeneration in vivo PMID: 29207021
data demonstrate that: (i) hypoxia does not affect the capacity of EPCs to support the angiogenic process; (ii) the absence of either VEGF-A or SDF-1 from EPC-CM can be rescued by the presence of the other one, so that the overall angiogenic effects remain unchanged; and (iii) and the concomitant deletion of VEGF-A and SDF-1 from EPC-CM impairs its pro-angiogenic effect, both in vitro and in vivo. PMID: 27943613
estrogen may promote the progression of ER-negative breast cancer by stimulating cancer-associated fibroblasts to secrete SDF-1alpha, which can recruit MDSCs to the tumor microenvironment to exert tumor-promoting effects PMID: 27996037
Data support the importance of SDF-1 and CXCR4 expression for loco-regional control and overall survival in HNSCC after primary radiochemotherapy. PMID: 29061496
Data (including data from studies in knockout mice) suggest that adipocyte autocrine function involving SDF1 regulates insulin resistance; SDF1 gene expression correlates with insulin-desensitized conditions in adipocytes but not other tissues (liver, skeletal muscle); adipocyte-specific ablation of Sdf1 enhances insulin sensitivity in adipose tissues and in whole body. PMID: 29581126
Study reports that stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha elevated or therapeutically administered in ischemic wounded tissue can stimulate both local endothelial cells (EC) and bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) to express reciprocally E-selectin/ligand pairs and thereby enhance EPC-EC interactions. PMID: 27713493
Authors produced recombinant CXCL12 and CXCL12(5-67) and evaluated their effect in murine adult NSCs migration and survival in vitro. We showed CXCL12(5-67) does not promote NSCs migration, but does induce cell death. PMID: 28623786
a SDF-1/CXCR4-RhoA and RhoC-ROS-cytoskeleton pathway that regulates Jurkat cell migration in response to SDF-1. PMID: 28536953
Expression upregulation of mir31 was also validated using GEO data sets. PMID: 27597234
Differential expression of SDF-1 receptor CXCR4 in molecularly defined forms of inherited thrombocytopenias. PMID: 28032520
A role for CXCl12 in bladder cancer [review] PMID: 29022185
Intravenous administration of rhSDF-1alpha accelerates reendothelialization in the aneurysm neck after flow diverter implantation. PMID: 28159982
These findings suggest a possibility that cells at the sites of MELF pattern had acquired increased invasiveness through the function of the CXCL14-CXCR4 and CXCL12-CXCR4 axes. PMID: 28277316
study suggested that the SDF-1 rs1801157 polymorphism may serve as a risk factor for cancer development among Asians, especially an increased risk of urologic and lung cancers PMID: 27265091
no significant association was found between SDF1 polymorphism and HIV susceptibility; a protective effect of SDF1 on AIDS progression and death was seen; in conclusion, SDF1 polymorphism exerts a moderate protective effect against AIDS disease deterioration in some specific populations PMID: 29420545
Findings indicate that induction of EMT, increased migration and survival depend, in MCF-7 and H460 cells, on the release of FHC control on two pathways, namely the iron/ROS metabolism and CXCR4/CXCL12 axis. PMID: 28774348
serum level is higher in preeclamptic women PMID: 28001450
a defect of CXCL12 promoter histone acetylation may represent an additional process participating in CXCL12 expression extinction in colon cancer PMID: 28418886
The findings indicated that SDF-1alpha/CXCR4 signaling pathway might be associated with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. PMID: 28559386
CXCL12-CXCR7 axis accelerates migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells through mTOR and Rho/ROCK pathways, and predicts poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer PMID: 27542220
the role of CXCL12 in multiple sclerosis, with an emphasis on CXCL12 serum concentrations and its gene polymorphism at position +801 (Review) PMID: 27894110

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Subcellular Location

Secreted.

Protein Families

Intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family

Tissue Specificity

Isoform Alpha and isoform Beta are ubiquitously expressed, with highest levels detected in liver, pancreas and spleen. Isoform Gamma is mainly expressed in heart, with weak expression detected in several other tissues. Isoform Delta, isoform Epsilon and i

Database Links

HGNC: 10672

OMIM: 600835

KEGG: hsa:6387

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000379140

UniGene: Hs.522891

Code	CSB-AP000751HU
Abbreviation	Recombinant Human CXCL12 protein (Active)
MSDS	MSDS Datasheet
Size	$354
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Recombinant Human Stromal cell-derived factor 1 protein (CXCL12) (Active)

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