Recombinant Mouse Glucagon receptor (Gcgr)

1. Data, including data from studies using knockout mice, suggest that control of whole-body energy expenditure by Gcgr agonism requires intact Fxr signaling and Fgf21 secretion in liver. (Gcgr = glucagon receptor glucagon; Fxr = farnesoid X receptor; Fgf21 = fibroblast growth factor-21) PMID: 29925501
2. we show that glucagon receptor (GCGR) inhibition with a monoclonal antibody normalized blood glucose and beta-hydroxybutyrate levels. Insulin receptor antagonism increased pancreatic beta-cell mass threefold. Normalization of blood glucose levels with GCGR-blocking antibody unexpectedly doubled beta-cell mass relative to that observed with S961 alone and 5.8-fold over control PMID: 28115707
3. These results show that Slc38a5 is a key component of the feedback circuit between glucagon receptor signaling in the liver and amino-acid-dependent regulation of pancreatic alpha cell mass in mice. PMID: 28591637
4. GcgR knockout (Gcgr(-/-)) mice displayed lower blood glucose levels accompanied by elevated plasma ghrelin levels. Hyperglycemia was averted in streptozocin treated Gcgr(-/-) mice and the plasma ghrelin level was further increased. PMID: 28487437
5. glucagon receptor antagonist improves glycemia in diet-induced obese angptl4 knockout mice without increasing glucagon levels or alpha-cell proliferation, underscoring the importance of this protein. PMID: 26621734
6. Data indicate that the exocrine pancreas in the glucagon receptor Gcgr-/- mice exhibited larger nuclear size than in WT or heterozygous controls, most obviously at old ages. PMID: 24326371
7. Simultaneous and sufficient activation of GLP1R is required to reduce GCCR mediated blood glucose elevation following administration of a GLP1R/GCGR co-agonist. PMID: 23203689
8. Knockdown of liver glucagon receptor in mice reduces blood glucose and increases blood LDL levels. PMID: 23828778
9. Gcgr(-/-) mice became lethargic & cachexic & died early. Autopsy revealed numerous PNETs up to 15 mm in diameter in most well-preserved Gcgr(-/-) pancreata. PMID: 22951296
10. Data suggest that GcgR activation raises hepatic expression of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and increases circulating levels of FGF21; GcgR activation induces body weight loss and stimulates lipid metabolism. PMID: 23305646
11. These results suggest that a circulating factor generated after disruption of hepatic Gcgr signaling can increase alpha-cell proliferation independent of direct pancreatic input. PMID: 23160527
12. GRA1 is a potent glucagon receptor antagonist with strong antihyperglycemic efficacy in preclinical models and prominent effects on hepatic gene-expression related to amino acid metabolism PMID: 23185367
13. Data suggest that both Gcgr activity and glucagon-like peptide 1/Glp1r signal transduction in central nervous system are involved in control of interscapular brown adipose tissue thermogenesis. PMID: 22933116
14. A novel transgenic mouse was generated which had muscle specific expression of glucagon receptor. The transgenic mice maintained an appropriate ratio of glucagon to insulin, which appears important in maintaining glucose homeostasis. PMID: 22318544
15. in addition to activation of the classic cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) pathway, activation of GCGR also induced beta-catenin stabilization and activated beta-catenin-mediated transcription PMID: 22438981
16. Data from glucagon receptor knockout mice suggest that glucagon receptor action and glucagon/glucagon receptor signaling contribute to normal female reproductive function (i.e., normal ovulation, placentation, and fetal development). PMID: 22167521
17. ChREBP directly regulates rat Gcgr expression in INS-1E cells. PMID: 22198437
18. Defective glucagon signaling causes pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in the Gcgr(-/-) mice. PMID: 21853126
19. complete ablation of hepatic glucagon receptor function results in major metabolic alterations in the liver PMID: 21631939
20. functional plasticity in the enteroinsular axis involves GLP1R and GcgR and induction of compensatory mechanisms that control nutrient-dependent regulation of insulin secretion PMID: 21540554
21. Blocking glucagon action by knocking out glucagon receptors prevents type 1 diabetes mellitus in mice. PMID: 21270251
22. glucagon receptor has a role in maintenance of normal glycemia and postnatal regulation of islet and alpha and delta cell numbers PMID: 12552113
23. glucagon were unaffected by the GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin-(9-39) but abolished by des-His1-[Glu9]-glucagon-amide, a specific blocker of the glucagon receptor PMID: 15459251
24. Glucagon signaling is required for normal beta-cell function and that insulin action is improved when disrupting the signal by glucagon receptor knockout. PMID: 17130493
25. Blocking glucagon signalling by targeted Gcgr gene deletion leads to an improvement in metabolic control in this mouse model of streptozotocin-mediated beta cell loss and hyperglycaemia. PMID: 17131145
26. Nestin expression is regulated by glucagon signaling. PMID: 17366624
27. Glucagon receptor has a role in islet function in mice with insulin resistance PMID: 17479245
28. Restoration of hepatic Gcgr expression in Gcgr-/- mice attenuated the development of hepatocellular injury. PMID: 18809404
29. Gcgr receptor is required for control of lipid metabolism during the adaptive metabolic response to fasting. PMID: 19046568
30. Oxyntomodulin, a glucagon receptor agonist, reverses obesity in diet-induced obese mice, and may be a novel therapeutic approach to the treatment of obesity. PMID: 19602537
31. Increased pancreatic beta-cell expression of the Gcgr increased insulin secretion, pancreatic insulin content, beta-cell mass, and, when mice were fed a HFD, partially protected against hyperglycemia and IGT. PMID: 19602585
32. These results suggest that GLP-1 may affect the maturation of postnatal but not prenatal beta cells. PMID: 19647035
33. hepatic energy state is sensitive to glucagon receptor activation and requires PEPCK-C, thus providing new insights into liver metabolism. PMID: 19662685

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KEGG: mmu:14527

STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000026119

UniGene: Mm.22329