This human BCL2 ELISA kit employs the quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique to measure the levels of human BCL2 in multiple samples, including serum, plasma, or tissue homogenates. Antibody specific for BCL2 has been pre-coated onto the microplate. Standards and samples are pipetted into the wells and any BCL2 present is bound by the immobilized antibody. After removing any unbound substances, a biotin-conjugated BCL2 antibody is added to the wells. After washing, avidin conjugated HRP is added to the wells, forming an antibody-antigen-enzyme-labeled antibody complex. Following a wash to remove any unbound HRP-avidin, the TMB substrate solution is added to the wells, and the color develops into blue. The color changes from blue to yellow after the addition of stop solution into the wells. The color intensity is in proportion to the amount of BCL2 bound in the initial step.
BCL2 is a critical protein regulator of apoptosis. It seems to inhibit apoptosis by preserving mitochondrial membrane integrity as its hydrophobic C-terminal domain is linked to the outer membrane. BCL2 also binds to and inactivates BAX and other pro-apoptotic proteins, thus suppressing apoptosis. In the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), BCL2 modulates calcium storge. The intracellular levels of calcium influence apoptosis. BCL2 is highly expressed in multiple hematological cancers such as CLL, AML, and myeloma, where it protects cells from apoptosis induced by oncogenic and external stresses.