Recombinant Mouse Interleukin-4 (Il4) (Active)

1. Downregulation of macrophage Irs2 by hyperinsulinemia impairs IL-4-indeuced M2a-subtype macrophage activation in obesity. PMID: 30451856
2. Ndfip1 preserves Treg lineage stability and immune homeostasis by preventing the expansion of highly proliferative and metabolically active Treg cells and by preventing pathological secretion of IL-4 from Treg cells PMID: 28580955
3. IL-4/ STAT6 signaling needs to be well adjusted to ensure proper development and function of homing Th2 cells. PMID: 29738764
4. By establishing that IL-4 is posttranslationally regulated by TRX-promoted reduction of a disulfide bond, our findings highlight a novel regulatory mechanism of the type 2 immune response that is specific to IL-4 over IL-13. PMID: 30104382
5. The VEGFR1-mediated signaling suppressed IL-4-induced Arg-1 expression. PMID: 29110610
6. The results obtained in the present study suggest that a signaling pathway mediated by FcRg or the FcRg-Syk axis is commonly required for innate basophil IL-4 responses under conditions mimicking encounters with allergen sources. PMID: 26703455
7. IL-4Delta2 did not compete with IL-4 for IL-4Ralpha binding and did not interfere with the downstream STAT-6 phosphorylation in T cells. PMID: 28917204
8. this study shows that IL4 and IL21 cooperate to induce the high Bcl6 protein level required for germinal center formation PMID: 28875978
9. The complex role of IL-4 in autoimmunity and cholangitis. PMID: 27721424
10. The results demonstrate that IL-4 can restore insulin sensitivity in adipocytes via mechanisms not associated with induced adipogenesis or de novo formation of lipid depots. PMID: 29738684
11. Interleukin 4 (IL-4) signaling prevents Chlamydia trachomatis Infection from Inducing upper genital tract (UGT) pathology. PMID: 28765368
12. In the lung, surfactant protein A (SP-A) enhanced interleukin-4 (IL-4)-dependent macrophage proliferation and activation, accelerating parasite clearance and reducing pulmonary injury after infection with a lung-migrating helminth. In the peritoneal cavity and liver, C1q enhancement of type 2 macrophage activation was required for liver repair after bacterial infection. PMID: 28495878
13. Data, including data from studies using transgenic mice, suggest that over-expression of IL4 (interleukin 4) in thyroid tissue/cells up-regulates expression of Duox1 (dual oxidase 1), Duoxa1 (dual oxidase maturation factor 1), and Slc26a4 (pendrin) in thyroid tissue/cells; expression of Slc5a5 (sodium-iodide symporter) is down-regulated. PMID: 27599561
14. we defined a molecular mechanism for IL-4 downregulation of involucrin in keratinocytes, which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. PMID: 26918372
15. In this study, the effect of continuous IL-4 delivery or bioactive implant coating that constitutively releases a protein inhibitor of CCL2 signaling (7ND) on particle induced osteolysis were studied in the murine continuous femoral intramedullary particle infusion model PMID: 27114284
16. T follicular helper (Tfh) cells arise in tumor-draining lymph nodes where they produce an abundance of IL4. Deletion of IL4-expressing Tfh cells improves antitumor immunity, delays tumor growth, and reduces the generation of immunosuppressive myeloid cells in the lymph nodes. PMID: 27920023
17. Findings suggest that interleukin 4 (IL-4) affects anti-tumor immunity and constitutes an attractive therapeutic target to reduce immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment. PMID: 28733709
18. this study shows that environmental IL-4 plays a role in conditioning early thymic progenitors lineage choice, which would impact T cell development PMID: 28893952
19. this study shows that eosinophils subvert host resistance to an intracellular pathogen by instigating non-protective IL-4 in CCR2(-/-) mice PMID: 27049063
20. findings show that during intestinal helminth infection, IL-4 derived from T follicular helper cells is required for IgE class switching and plasmablast formation PMID: 28533444
21. Data suggest that Il4 (usually released from helper T-cells) induces Cox1 in macrophages at post-transcriptional level; activation of Ampk (catalytic subunit Prkaa1) by metformin blocks Il4-dependent induction of Cox1 and blocks macrophage polarization/activation. (Il4 = interleukin-4; Cox1 = cyclooxygenase 1; Ampk = AMP-activated protein kinase) PMID: 28684424
22. IL-4 is required for the development of ex-Foxp3 T helper 2 cells. PMID: 28507062
23. conclude that a state of haploinsufficiency for the Il4 gene locus is specifically relevant for IL-4-dependent IgE responses to allergens with the amount of IL-4 produced in the hemizygous condition falling close to the threshold required for switching to IgE production PMID: 28115531
24. priming of T helper cells by IL-6-deficient antigen-presenting dendritic cells preferentially leads to accumulation of a subset of Follicular helper T cells characterized by high expression of GATA3 and IL-4. PMID: 27474166
25. eosinophils drive progression of myocarditis to Inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMi), cause severe DCMi when present in large numbers, and mediate this process through IL-4. PMID: 28302646
26. These data suggest that although IL-4-stimulated alternatively activated macrophages upregulate fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid oxidation is dispensable for macrophage polarization and high-fat diet-induced metabolic dysfunction. Macrophage fatty acid oxidation likely plays a correlative, rather than causative, role in systemic metabolic dysfunction. PMID: 28223293
27. Excessive IL-4 levels in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) directly inhibited the induction of aiTregs and caused enteropathy. The aiTregs generated in the attenuation of T cell-dependent food allergic enteropathy may function differently than aiTregs induced in a tolerance model. PMID: 28234975
28. this study shows that wild-type mice develop an eosinophilic Th2 airway disease in response to Alternaria alternata exposure, whereas IL-4-deficient mice exhibit a primarily neutrophilic response PMID: 27815425
29. Study showed that the intraperitoneal administration of the exogenous cytokines IFN-gamma (to promote M1 microglia ) and IL-4 (to promote M2 microglia) can correctly modulate the timing of the M1 to M2 ratio to affect epileptogenesis and to improve cognitive function in pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus. PMID: 27956120
30. These findings indicate that IL-4, a canonical Th2 cell cytokine, can sometimes promote rather than impair Th1 cell-type immune responses PMID: 27298446
31. Keratinocyte gene expression is critically shaped by IL-4, altering cell fate decisions, which are likely important for the clinical manifestations and pathology of allergic skin disease PMID: 27554818
32. Data show that lactic acid in tumor microenvironments inhibited interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) and intert=leukin-4 (IL4) productions from NKT cells by inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. PMID: 27995420
33. this study shows that IL-4-mediated control of the precursor population affects the development of virus-specific CD8+ T-cell memory PMID: 27457412
34. IL-4 secretion by group 2 innate lymphoid cells contributes to the allergic response in food allergy by reducing allergen-specific Treg cell and activating mast cell counts PMID: 27177780
35. These studies clearly show a crucial role for IL-4 in the induction of airway hyperresponsiveness following Strongyloides venezuelensis infection and for IL-33/ST2 in maintaining airway hyperresponsiveness and lung Th2 responses. PMID: 27102638
36. we used recombinant herpes simplex virus vector S4IL4 that encode mouse il4 gene to evaluate the therapeutic potential of IL-4 in naloxone-precipitation morphine withdrawal (MW). One week after microinjection of the vector S4IL4 into the PAG LacZ or mouse IL-4 immunoreactivity in the vlPAG was visualized. ELISA assay showed that vector S4IL4 into the PAG induced the expression of IL-4 PMID: 28206989
37. this study shows that IL-4 is increased in the brain of T cell receptor transgenic mice, which exhibit impaired memory and adult hippocampal neurogenesis PMID: 27432189
38. this study shows that il-4 plays an important role in ESAT-6-induced MCP-1 production by macrophages, and suggest a pathway with significance in tuberculosis pathogenesis PMID: 27154637
39. indicate that Siglec-9 affects several different signaling pathways in IL-4-stimulated macrophages, which resulted in enhanced induction of Arg1 in Siglec-9-expressing RAW264 cells PMID: 26540411
40. Oct-1 and Oct-2 bound within the Il4 promoter region and the Th2 LCR PMID: 26840450
41. Loss of IL-4 promoted expression of M1 microglia/macrophage markers and impaired expression of M2 markers after transient or permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. PMID: 26732561
42. These results indicate a positive role of Batf in promoting the generation of pro-allergic IL-4-producing T-follicular helper cells. PMID: 26278622
43. IL-4 induces miR-142-5p and downregulates miR-130a-3p in macrophages, regulating macrophage profibrogenic gene expression in chronic inflammation. PMID: 26436920
44. these findings underscore the important collaboration between IL-4 and IL-21 in shaping T-dependent B cells antibody responses. PMID: 26491200
45. IL-4 KO mice display state, but not trait, anxiety suggesting that reductions in endogenous anti-inflammatory bioactives can engender subtypes of anxiety PMID: 25772794
46. physiologic doses of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) have profound anti-lymphangiogenic effects and potently impair LEC survival, proliferation, migration PMID: 26039103
47. Concerted activity of IgG1 antibodies and IL-4/IL-25-dependent effector cells trap helminth larvae in the tissues following vaccination with defined secreted antigens, providing sterile immunity to challenge infection. PMID: 25816012
48. may be an important factor in providing 1,25D3-induced protection from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis PMID: 25574039
49. IL-4-producing DCs are induced under some Th2-provoking situations, and they should play important roles in initiation of Th2 response. PMID: 26363056
50. RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 4 enhances autophagy and lysosome tethering in response to Interleukin-4. PMID: 26416964

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KEGG: mmu:16189

STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000000889

UniGene: Mm.276360