The recombinant human CXCL10 protein is expressed with an N-terminal 6xHis tag in an E. coli system. The CXCL10 gene fragment (22-98aa) is co-inserted into a vector with the 6xHis tag gene and then introduced into E. coli cells. Protein expression is initiated by adding IPTG, which induces the production of the recombinant CXCL10 protein. After lysis of the cells, affinity chromatography is used to purify the target protein. The recombinant CXCL10 protein is analyzed using SDS-PAGE, with the gel showing a purity of over 90%.
Human CXCL10 is a chemokine that plays a critical role in immune response and inflammation. It is primarily produced in response to IFN-γ and is involved in the recruitment and activation of immune cells, particularly T lymphocytes, monocytes, and NK cells, through its interaction with the CXCR3 [1][2]. CXCL10 is classified as a non-ELR (glutamic acid-leucine-arginine) CXC chemokine, which distinguishes it from other chemokines that promote angiogenesis [3].
The expression of CXCL10 is significantly upregulated in various pathological conditions, including viral infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancers. Elevated levels of CXCL10 have been observed in patients with COVID-19, where it serves as a potential biomarker for disease severity and prognosis [4]. CXCL10 has been shown to inhibit tumor growth and angiogenesis, suggesting its therapeutic potential in cancer treatment [5]. Moreover, its role in chronic inflammatory conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and diabetes, highlights its involvement in the pathogenesis of these diseases [6][7]. CXCL10's mechanism of action involves the activation of various intracellular signaling pathways, including the ERK MAPK and PI3K pathways, which are crucial for cell proliferation and survival [8].
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