Recombinant Human Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 (SMAD2)

1. Overall, these findings suggest a more dominant role for SMAD3 and SMAD4 than SMAD2 in TGFbeta-induced chondrogenesis of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. PMID: 28240243
2. the results of the present study indicated that miR4865p was upregulated in Osteoarthritis and may inhibit chondrocyte proliferation and migration by suppressing SMAD2. PMID: 29749497
3. relevance of the discovered Sirt1-Smad2 interaction for the regulation of TGFbeta-dependent gene transcription PMID: 29187201
4. Our present study indicated that S100A11 promotes EMT through accumulation of TGF-beta1 expression, and TGF-beta1-induced upregulation of p-SMAD2 and 3. PMID: 29569474
5. the results of the present study indicated that miR2145p may promote the adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs through regulation of the TGFbeta/Smad2/COL4A1 signaling pathway, and potentially may be used to develop a novel drug for postmenopausal osteoporosis. PMID: 29532880
6. High SMAD2 expression is associated with fibrosis in chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. PMID: 29328490
7. The results suggest that co-expression of active SMAD2/3 could enhance multiple types of transcription factors (TF)-based cell identity conversion and therefore be a powerful tool for cellular engineering. PMID: 29174331
8. We found that ITZ treatment was efficient in suppressing EMT and that the effect of ITZ was partially mediated by impaired TGF-b/SMAD2/3 signaling. The role of TGF-b/SMAD2/3 signaling in mediating the effect of ITZ was confirmed based on the results that recombinant TGF-b induced, but the TGF-b neutralizing antibody inhibited EMT as well as the invasion and migration of pancreatic cancer cells PMID: 29484419
9. SMAD2/3 interactome reveals that TGFbeta controls m(6)A mRNA methylation in pluripotency PMID: 29489750
10. This study's findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of how oscillatory shear stress regulates Smad2 signaling and pro-inflammatory genes through the complex signaling networks of integrins, transforming growth factor-beta receptors, and extracellular matrices, thus illustrating the molecular basis of regional pro-inflammatory activation within disturbed flow regions in the arterial tree. PMID: 29295709
11. our findings demonstrated that thymoquinone suppressed the metastatic phenotype and reversed EMT of prostate cancer cells by negatively regulating the TGF-beta/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. These findings suggest that thymoquinone is a potential therapeutic agent against prostate cancer which functions by targeting TGF-beta PMID: 29039572
12. MicroRNA-486-5p suppresses TGFB2-induced proliferation, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of lens epithelial cells by targeting Smad2. PMID: 29229876
13. was found that treatment with iPSC-CM markedly reduced the proliferation of TGF-beta1-exposed cells, and the activities of TGF-beta1, Smad-2 and Smad-3. Accompanied by alterations in the expression of the indicated molecules, the lung structure of mice with PF was also markedly ameliorated. PMID: 29115383
14. We found expression of pSmad2/3 and Smad4 in different liver tissues, with up-regulated expression of both antibodies in chronic hepatitis C with higher stage of fibrosis and higher grade of activity. PMID: 29924446
15. TGFbeta and IL1beta signaling interact at the SMAD2/3 level in human primary MSC. Down-stream TGFbeta target genes were repressed by IL1beta independent of C-terminal SMAD2 phosphorylation. We demonstrate that SMAD2/3 linker modifications are required for this interplay and identified TAK1 as a crucial mediator of IL1beta-induced TGFbeta signal modulation. PMID: 28943409
16. Our studies provide a molecular mechanism by which UCHL5 mitigates TGFbeta-1 signaling by stabilizing Smad2/Smad3. These data indicate that UCHL5 may contribute to the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and may be a potential therapeutic target. PMID: 27604640
17. we demonstrated that the downregulation of CLDN6 is regulated through promoter methylation by DNMT1, which depends on the SMAD2 pathway, and that CLDN6 is a key regulator in the SMAD2/DNMT1/CLDN6 pathway to inhibit EMT, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells PMID: 28867761
18. High Expression of Smad2 is associated with liver cancer. PMID: 28415588
19. Whereas autocrine signalling activates Smad2/3 in differentiating extravillous trophoblasts, paracrine factors contribute to Smad phosphorylation in these cells. PMID: 28864007
20. Kidney samples from patients with advanced stages of diabetic nephropathy showed elevated pSmad2 staining. PMID: 28805484
21. Smad2 (and myostatin) were significantly up-regulated in the failing heart of female patients, but not male patients. PMID: 28465115
22. Nodal signaling through the Smad2/3 pathway up-regulated Slug, Snail and c-Myc to induce EMT, thereby promotingVasculogenic mimicry (VM) formation. PMID: 27659524
23. this study shows that EGF induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition through phospho-Smad2/3-Snail signaling pathway in breast cancer cells PMID: 27829223
24. Multiple myeloma cells adapted to long-term exposure to hypoxia exhibit stem cell characteristics with TGF-beta/Smad pathway activation. PMID: 29309790
25. a novel heterozygous missense mutation (c.833C>T, p.A278V) in the SMAD2 gene in a family with early onset aortic aneurysms PMID: 28283438
26. Data suggest that oncogenic Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) indirectly enhances transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) signaling cascades via Sma/Mad related protein 2 (Smad2)phospho-activation and may represent a promising factor for future diagnosis and therapy of breast cancer. PMID: 29187452
27. Asiaticoside hindered the invasive growth of KFs by inhibiting the GDF-9/MAPK/Smad pathway. PMID: 28346732
28. High Smad2 expression is associated with invasion and metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. PMID: 26908446
29. Data indicate that miR-206 inhibits neuropilin-1 (NRP1) and SMAD2 gene expression by directly binding to their 3'-UTRs. PMID: 27014911
30. Results show that members of the Activin branch of the TGFbeta signaling pathway, namely Put and Smad2, are autonomously required for cell and tissue growth in the Drosophila larval salivary gland. PMID: 28123053
31. CytoD modified MKL1, a coactivator of serum response factor (SRF) regulating CTGF induction, and promoted its nuclear localization. PMID: 27721022
32. cells expressing mutant huntingtin have a dysregulated transcriptional response to epidermal growth factor stimulation PMID: 27988204
33. CRT regulates TGF-beta1-induced-EMT through modulating Smad signaling PMID: 28778674
34. P311 is a novel TGFbeta1/Smad signaling-mediated regulator of transdifferentiation in epidermal stem cells during cutaneous wound healing. PMID: 27906099
35. human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) levels, were correlated well with TSP50/p-Samd2/3 and TSP50/p27 expression status. Thus, our studies revealed a novel regulatory mechanism underlying TSP50-induced cell proliferation and provided a new favorable intervention target for the treatment of breast cancer PMID: 28650473
36. IL-17 can induce A549 alveolar epithelial cells to undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the TGF-beta1 mediated Smad2/3 and ERK1/2 activation PMID: 28873461
37. a critical role for miR-503-3p in induction of breast cancer EMT PMID: 28161325
38. Nuclear localization of Smad2 was reduced in TGFbeta-1-stimulated primary tubular epithelial cells. Changes in nuclear Smad2 correlated with a reduced expression of the pro-fibrotic factor CTGF. Transient downregulation of Smad2 interfered with TGFbeta-1-induced CTGF synthesis. PMID: 27155083
39. Low SMAD2 expression is associated with progression of hepatic fibrosis. PMID: 28423499
40. In order to study the translation between mouse model and patients, we evaluated the signature of phosphorylated Sma- and Mad-related protein 2 (pSmad2), as molecular marker of TGF-beta/activin activity, in the kidneys of streptozotocin (STZ)-treated mice compared to that of type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients. PMID: 28064277
41. SMAD2/SMAD3 signaling by bone morphogenetic proteins causes disproportionate induction of HAS2 expression and hyaluronan production in immortalized human granulosa cells. PMID: 26992562
42. miR-27a contributed to cell proliferation and invasion by inhibiting TGF-beta-induced cell cycle arrest. These results suggest that miR-27a may function as an oncogene by regulating SMAD2 and SMAD4 in lung cancer. PMID: 28370334
43. cPLA2alpha activates PI3K/AKT and inhibits Smad2/3 during epithelial-mesenchymal transition of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. PMID: 28649002
44. selective inhibition of SMAD3 or CCT6A efficiently suppresses TGF-beta-mediated metastasis. Findings provide a mechanism that directs TGF-beta signaling toward its prometastatic arm and may contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies targeting TGF-beta for non-small-cell lung carcinoma. PMID: 28375158
45. In response to TGF-beta, RASSF1A is recruited to TGF-beta receptor I and targeted for degradation by the co-recruited E3 ubiquitin ligase ITCH. RASSF1A degradation is necessary to permit Hippo pathway effector YAP1 association with SMADs and subsequent nuclear translocation of receptor-activated SMAD2. PMID: 27292796
46. Smad2 is a key scaffold, allowing RIN1 to act as a GTP exchange factor for MFN2-GTPase activation to promote mitochondrial ATP synthesis and suppress superoxide production during mitochondrial fusion. PMID: 27184078
47. Ang down-regulate the expression of Col-I, alpha-SMA and TGF-beta1/Smad2/3 and subsequently inhibits fibroblast-myofibroblast transition. PMID: 27543459
48. Our findings suggest a stronger chondrogenic potential of CD105(+) SMSCs in comparison to that of CD105(-) SMSCs and that CD105 enhances chondrogenesis of SMSCs by regulating TGF-beta/Smad2 signaling pathway, but not Smad1/5. Our study provides a better understanding of CD105 with respect to chondrogenic differentiation. PMID: 27107692
49. the findings show that TIEG1 is highly expressed in human keloids and that it directly binds and represses Smad7 promoter-mediated activation of TGF-beta/Smad2 signaling PMID: 28108300
50. High expression of SMAD2 is associated with colorectal carcinoma. PMID: 27959430

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HGNC: 6768

OMIM: 601366

KEGG: hsa:4087

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000262160

UniGene: Hs.12253