PRLR

PRLR, or prolactin receptor, is a transmembrane protein expressed primarily in a variety of tissues other than the anterior pituitary gland. Prolactin receptor initiates intracellular signalling processes by binding to prolactin (PRL) and acts mainly through the JAK2-STAT signalling pathway, leading to transcriptional activation of specific genes in the nucleus, thereby affecting cell proliferation, differentiation and function.Signalling by PRLR also involves other signalling pathways such as MAPK and PI3K/AKT, which play a role in regulating immune responses, cell growth and metabolism, etc. The biological significance of the prolactin receptor is wide-ranging, as it not only plays a key role in mammary gland development and lactation, but is also involved in the regulation of the reproductive, immune, and nervous systems.Abnormalities in the function of the PRLR have been associated with a variety of disorders, including certain types of cancers and reproductive dysfunction.