Recombinant Human C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2) is produced in E. coli and contains the complete mature protein sequence, covering amino acids 24 to 99. The protein carries an N-terminal GST tag, which helps with purification and detection processes. SDS-PAGE analysis confirms that the product achieves greater than 90% purity, which appears to deliver reliable results for research work. This reagent is intended for research use only and contains minimal endotoxin contamination.
CCL2, commonly called monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), serves as an important chemokine that draws monocytes, memory T cells, and dendritic cells toward inflammatory sites. It likely plays a central role in immune response control and has become a frequent subject of study in inflammatory disease research and immune system investigations. This makes it particularly useful for understanding how cells migrate and communicate through signaling networks.
Potential Applications
Note: The applications listed below are based on what we know about this protein's biological functions, published research, and experience from experts in the field. However, we haven't fully tested all of these applications ourselves yet. We'd recommend running some preliminary tests first to make sure they work for your specific research goals.
1. In Vitro Chemotaxis Assay Development
This recombinant human CCL2 protein works well as a chemotactic agent in transwell migration assays when studying how monocytes and macrophages move and gather. The mature protein region (24-99aa) may represent the biologically active form that cells would naturally secrete, which makes it appropriate for building concentration-response relationships in migration experiments. The N-terminal GST tag allows straightforward purification and attachment to surfaces for creating gradients. Scientists can examine how different immune cell types migrate and compare their responses under varying experimental conditions.
2. Antibody Development and Validation Studies
The GST-tagged CCL2 protein appears to function as both an effective immunogen and positive control for creating anti-CCL2 antibodies. High purity levels (>90%) help reduce contamination that might interfere with antibody specificity testing. The GST tag makes capture and detection simpler in ELISA-based screening during antibody development processes. This recombinant protein can also serve as a reference standard for testing antibody performance in Western blotting, immunoprecipitation, and related immunoassay techniques.
3. Protein-Protein Interaction Studies
The N-terminal GST tag makes pull-down experiments more manageable for identifying and studying CCL2 binding partners, including its natural receptors and other interacting proteins. Scientists can attach the GST-CCL2 fusion protein to glutathione-sepharose beads and combine them with cell lysates or purified proteins to examine binding relationships. The mature protein sequence suggests that binding studies should reflect interactions that would naturally occur with secreted CCL2.
4. Biochemical Characterization and Structural Studies
This recombinant protein enables thorough biochemical analysis of CCL2 characteristics, including how it responds to temperature changes, pH variations, and oligomerization under different buffer conditions. The specific expression region (24-99aa) may provide consistent protein preparations for repeatable biophysical measurements. Researchers can apply this protein in circular dichroism spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and other analytical methods to better understand CCL2's structural features and stability patterns.
5. Cell Culture Supplementation for Immune Cell Studies
The recombinant CCL2 works as a defined supplement in cell culture media for studying monocyte development, macrophage polarization, and other immune cell activities in controlled experimental settings. E. coli expression systems offer a practical source of protein for experiments that require larger amounts. Researchers can build dose-response relationships for CCL2-driven cellular responses and use this protein as a positive control when investigating chemokine signaling networks.
