PDGFRA: A Hub in Cellular Signaling and a Therapeutic TargetPlatelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that plays a critical role in embryonic development, cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Its aberrant activation is clo...
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BTLA: An Emerging Target in Immunotherapy – New Insights into Cancer and Autoimmune Diseases1. The Emerging Role of BTLA in Immune Regulation The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) marks a major breakthrough in cancer treatment, significantly improving outcomes for patients with vari...
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Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF): A Pleiotropic Target Linking Inflammation and Cancer1. MIF Background: Structure, Expression Regulation, and Basic Biological Characteristics Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), initially named for its ability to inhibit macrophage migration, is...
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A Novel Target for Cancer Therapy: FAP – From Tumor Microenvironment Regulation to TheranosticsFibroblast activation protein (FAP), a key regulator in the tumor microenvironment, is emerging as a critical focus in cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. This article systematically elucidates the dual mechanisms of FA...
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GPR20: From "Orphan" to a Promising Novel Target for Overcoming Drug-Resistant GISTIn the field of cancer therapy, overcoming drug resistance remains a significant challenge for researchers. GPR20, a long-silent "orphan" GPCR, is emerging into the spotlight due to its unique profile in drug-resistant g...
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IL1RAP: Background, Research Mechanisms, Signaling Pathways, Related Diseases, and Latest Advances in Drug Development1. Background and Significance of IL1RAP Research Interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein (IL1RAP) is a key co-receptor in the IL-1 family signaling pathways, extensively involved in immune and inflamma...
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Western Blotting: Principles, Step-by-Step Workflow, and Troubleshooting GuideSince its development in 1979 by Towbin and colleagues, Western blotting (WB) has become an indispensable tool for detecting specific proteins in a complex sample [1]. Its enduring value lies in its ability to provide in...
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Targeting EphA2: An Emerging Focus in Combating Tumor Drug Resistance and MetastasisTumor drug resistance and metastasis are major causes of cancer treatment failure and patient mortality. Confronting this clinical challenge, scientists have turned their attention to a critical "signaling hub" on cancer...
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In-depth Dialogue on the "Core Triangle" of Inflammation: How IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α Interact to Drive Disease Progression?Inflammation is a key defense mechanism for maintaining homeostasis and responding to injury, but its dysregulation becomes a critical pathological basis for various chronic diseases. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-1β ...
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Targeting TNFRSF13B: Dual-Target Strategies Usher in New Focus for Treating Tumors and Autoimmune DiseasesTNFRSF13B (TACI), a molecule playing a central role in immune regulation, has become a new focal point for cross-domain breakthroughs in tackling tumors and autoimmune diseases due to its functional diversity. Current re...
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