The "Achilles' Heel" of Cancer Stem Cells: LGR5 Becomes Focus of $8 Billion AcquisitionOn September 29, Genmab announced it had entered into an acquisition agreement with Merus to purchase all outstanding shares of the latter for $97 per share, totaling approximately $8 billion. The LGR5/EGFR bispecific an...
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CD45: The Immune Cell "Gatekeeper" Protein – Why is it Emerging as a Novel Therapeutic Target?1. CD45 Overview CD45 (also known as PTPRC, Leukocyte Common Antigen) is a highly conserved transmembrane glycoprotein tyrosine phosphatase, widely expressed on the surface of all nucleated hematopoietic...
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FLT1 (VEGFR-1): A Bidirectional Regulator of Angiogenesis and an Emerging Therapeutic TargetThe vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) family has long been a focus of therapeutic interest. Among them, FLT1 (VEGFR-1) stands out for its unique role as a "bidirectional regulator." FLT1 is far more tha...
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Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor α1 Subunit (CHRNA1): Structure, Functional Mechanisms, and Disease-Related Research Progress1. Background of CHRNA1 1.1 Molecular Structure and Functional Characteristics The CHRNA1 gene is located on human chromosome 2q31.1 and encodes the α1 subunit of the nicotinic acetylchol...
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PTPRD: The Overlooked Signaling Hub from Neurodevelopment to Cancer SuppressionProtein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type D (PTPRD) is a key member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family, belonging to the transmembrane receptor-type phosphatases. It precisely regulates diverse intracellul...
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Case Study: Single B Cell Antibody Discovery Targeting TROP2The history of antibody discovery spans from von Behring and Kitasato’s concept of antitoxin (1890) [1] to Köhler and Milstein’s development of the hybridoma technique (1975) [2]. Later, phage display further advanc...
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SEZ6: A New Therapeutic Target for Neuroendocrine Tumors with Multiple ADCs in Clinical Development1. What is SEZ6？ Seizure-related 6 homolog (SEZ6) is a transmembrane protein initially discovered due to its association with epilepsy [1]. The gene is located on chromosome 17q21.33 and encodes a prot...
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Targeting the "Hidden Target" ROR1: A Breakthrough for Broad-Spectrum Cancer Therapy?1. What is ROR1？ Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the ROR family. Its structure comprises extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains, cystei...
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Parathyroid Hormone (PTH): A Key Target for Regulating Calcium-Phosphate Metabolism and Skeletal Health1. What is PTH Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is the principal hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands and is essential for maintaining calcium-phosphate homeostasis. It critically regulates bone metabolis...
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LAG3: The Next Frontier in Tumor Immunotherapy1. What is LAG3？ Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG3, CD223) is an important immune checkpoint molecule that was first cloned in 1990. Its gene shares approximately 20% homology with the CD4 gene, encod...
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