STAT3

STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, aliases include acute regulatory protein, signal transducer activator, linoleic acid-inducible protein, etc. STAT3 is a transcription factor that is widely found in a variety of cell types and is encoded by genes in human cells themselves. Its mechanism of action is mainly the phosphorylation of activated tyrosine kinases after the cell receives external signals, such as cytokines, growth factors, or other stimuli, to form a dimer, which is subsequently transferred to the nucleus of the cell to regulate the expression of specific genes.The activation of STAT3 involves the signaling pathways such as JAK/STAT, IL-6/STAT3, etc., wherein the Janus kinase (JAK) is first activated and phosphorylates STAT3, leading to its homodimerization and intranuclear translocation.

STAT3 has a wide range of biological significance, which is involved in the regulation of a variety of cellular physiological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, and the immune response, etc. The activation of STAT3 is essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and adaptation to external changes. In addition, STAT3 plays a key role in the development of many diseases, especially in tumor development, where the sustained activation of STAT3 is closely related to tumor cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis and immune escape. Therefore, STAT3 has become an important target in cancer therapy. The regulatory role of STAT3 in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory response and tissue repair should also not be ignored, and intervention strategies targeting STAT3 may provide new avenues for the treatment of these diseases.