Recombinant Rat Tumor necrosis factor (Tnf), partial (Active)

TNF-α drives apoptosis, inflammation, and immune cell activation through multiple signaling cascades, making precise control of its bioactivity essential for mechanistic studies in cancer and inflammatory disease models. This recombinant rat TNF (aa 80–235) demonstrates potent cytotoxic activity with an ED50 of 18.58–33.99 pg/mL in L-929 fibroblast assays conducted in the presence of actinomycin D, providing a quantitative benchmark for dose-response experiments examining TNF-mediated cell death pathways. The endotoxin level below 1.0 EU/μg ensures that observed effects in primary immune cell cultures, NF-κB reporter assays, and MAPK phosphorylation studies reflect TNF signaling rather than LPS contamination—a critical distinction when interpreting activation data from macrophages, dendritic cells, or PBMCs. Purity exceeding 95% by both SDS-PAGE and SEC-HPLC supports its use as a positive control in ELISA development, a reference standard for cytokine quantification, and a defined stimulus in in vivo rat models of sepsis or tumor necrosis.