IGF1R

IGF1R, or insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor, is a transmembrane receptor protein widely found in a variety of tissues and cells.IGF1R is encoded by the IGF1R gene and is a member of the insulin receptor family. Its mechanism of action involves activation of its intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity upon binding to insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) or insulin, which in turn triggers downstream signalling pathways, including PI3K/AKT, MAPK/ERK and JAK/STAT. These signalling pathways play key roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, metabolism and survival. In biological significance, IGF1R has important roles in promoting cell growth, regulating cell cycle, maintaining tissue homeostasis and promoting wound healing. In addition, IGF1R plays a key role in embryonic development, bone growth and neuroprotection. However, aberrant activation of IGF1R has been associated with the development of a variety of cancers, including breast, lung, and colorectal cancers, making it also a potential target in cancer therapy.