SAE1

SAE1, also known as SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1, is a crucial component of the SUMOylation pathway, which involves the addition of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) to target proteins. This post-translational modification plays a vital role in regulating protein structure, stability, and localization within the cell. SAE1, along with its partner UBA2, forms a heterodimeric SUMO-activating enzyme that initiates the SUMOylation process. Dysregulation of SAE1 has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, where it may contribute to tumor progression and metastasis through its effects on cell cycle regulation and apoptosis.
In the context of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), SAE1 has been identified as a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. Its overexpression is associated with poor prognosis, metastasis, and disease progression. SAE1 interacts with oncogenes and tumor suppressors, influencing key signaling pathways such as the cell cycle and metabolic pathways. Research into SAE1 as a therapeutic target has led to the development of potential drugs aimed at modulating its activity and thereby impacting HCC progression.