Recombinant Human Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3(SMAD3)

1. Study established a relationship between OCT4 and SMAD3 heterodimers formation and Snail, Slug, and CXCL13 transcription promotion mediating breast cancer progression. PMID: 29526821
2. Study results using gene editing indicate the cancer-promoting role of Smad3 T179 phosphorylation in the human triple-negative breast cancer cells. PMID: 30251686
3. Downregulation of miR-637 promotes proliferation and migration of fibroblasts by targeting Smad3 in keloids. PMID: 29845237
4. The findings of the present study indicated that miR326 inhibited endometrial fibrosis by suppressing the TGFbeta1/Smad3 signaling pathway, suggesting that miR326 may be a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for Intrauterine adhesion (IUA). PMID: 29956752
5. Study validated a specific model prediction that SMAD3 regulates Huntington's disease (HD)-related gene expression changes. Also, results found CAG repeat length-dependent changes in the genomic occupancy of SMAD3 and confirmed the model's prediction that many SMAD3 target genes are downregulated early in HD. PMID: 29581148
6. The SMAD3 rs12901499 polymorphism may be involved in the development of knee osteoarthritis. Larger studies with more diverse ethnic populations are needed to confirm these result. PMID: 29315792
7. NLRC5 may act as a key mediator in renal fibroblast activation and fibrogenesis PMID: 29608899
8. The SMAD3 SNP rs12901499 GA genotype and G variant may increase the risk of hip osteoarthritis in Chinese Han patients. PMID: 29310478
9. Positive cooperativity of Smad3 and STAT3 during epithelial-mesenchymal transition [Review]. PMID: 29140406
10. CXCL12 activates the MEKK1/JNK signaling pathway, which in turn initiates SMAD3 phosphorylation, its translocation to nuclei, and recruitment of SMAD3 to the CTGF promoter, which ultimately induces CTGF expression in human lung fibroblasts. PMID: 29499695
11. these results indicated that Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells -conditioned medium suppressed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition which might be associated with TGF-B1/Smad3. This study provides the theoretical basis for the research of the mechanisms responsible for pulmonary disease. PMID: 29207055
12. The present findings indicate that RACK1 silencing attenuates renal fibrosis by suppressing the activation of TGF-beta1/Smad3 signaling pathway in HK-2 cells. Thus, RACK1 may serve as a novel regulator of renal fibrosis. PMID: 29039466
13. MSP analysis from 81 Acute coronary syndrome (ACS)samples, 74 SCAD samples and 53 healthy samples, and Sequenom MassARRAY analysis, confirmed that differential CpG methylation of SMAD3 was significantly corrected with the reference results of the HumanMethylation450 array. PMID: 29115576
14. Smad3 knockdown could restore the inhibition of cell proliferation induced by FSTL1 overexpression in MDAMB231FSTL1 cells, indicating that the antiproliferative effect of FSTL1 overexpression may be associated with Smad3 involved TGFbeta signaling pathway regulation. This study identified FSTL1 as an inhibitor of cell proliferation in MDAMB231 and 231BR cell lines PMID: 29048681
15. miR-195 inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells, which was abated by Smad3 overexpression PMID: 28665537
16. SMAD3 SNP rs422342 is statistically associated with intervertebral disc degeneration in Greek population. PMID: 28662992
17. we observed that SMAD3 rs1065080 single nucleotide gene polymorphisms were significantly associated with patient susceptibility to intracranial arterial aneurysms PMID: 28988651
18. Smad3 binds with type I TGF-beta receptor (TRI) even in unstimulated cells. PMID: 27641076
19. This study demonstrates that Smad3 protein had low expression in ACTH-Pituitary Adenoma Development. PMID: 29524699
20. data suggest that TGF-beta stimulated the expression of ChPF and sGAG synthesis in nucleus pulposus cells through Smad3, RhoA/ROCK1 and the three MAPK signaling pathways. PMID: 28608941
21. These results suggested that FXR may serve as an important negative regulator for manipulating Smad3 expression, and the FXR/Smad3 pathway may be a novel target for the treatment of renal fibros PMID: 27853248
22. SMad3 role in TGF-beta/SMAD pathway signal transduction PMID: 28320972
23. ERK1/2 mediates Heme oxygenase-1 or CO-induced Smad3 phosphorylation at Thr179. PMID: 29524413
24. Participants' data and peripheral blood samples were collected, and three Smad3 CpG loci were examined. Smad3 mRNA expression was significantly higher in the patient group than in the negative control group but did not differ between the two control groups. PMID: 28562330
25. The critical roles of miR-16-5p-Smad3 pathway in melatonin-induced growth defects of gastric cancers. PMID: 29359963
26. TGFbeta1 signalling is associated with activation of SMAD3 at the ciliary base. PMID: 27748449
27. exaggerated WNT-5B expression upon cigarette smoke exposure in the bronchial epithelium of COPD patients leads to TGF-beta/Smad3-dependent expression of genes related to airway remodelling PMID: 27126693
28. HSF1 activity is decreased in fibrotic hearts. HSF1 inhibits phosphorylation and nuclear distribution of Smad3 via direct binding to Smad3. Active Smad3 blocks the anti-fibrotic effect of HSF1. PMID: 28091697
29. miR-142-5p plays as a negative regulator in TGF-beta pathway by targeting SMAD3 and suppresses TGF-beta-induced growth inhibition in cancer cells. PMID: 27683030
30. Authors were able to confirm expression of SMAD3 in intact and degraded cartilage of the knee and hip. Our findings provide the first systematic evaluation of pleiotropy between OA and BMD, highlight genes with biological relevance to both traits, and establish a robust new OA genetic risk locus at SMAD3. PMID: 28934396
31. A bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay identified Smad3 as a direct target gene of miR-216b, and Smad3 expression was reduced by miR-216b overexpression at both the mRNA and protein levels. PMID: 28356485
32. Because the expression of these genes correlates with cell shape, these are likely mechanosensitive genes that regulate SMAD3 and/or RELA activation in response to mechanical cues PMID: 27864353
33. SMAD3 transcription facttor binds RNA with large internal loops or bulges with high apparent affinity, suggesting a biological role for RNA binding by SMAD3. PMID: 29036649
34. Case Report: internal mammary artery aneurysms in sisters with SMAD3 mutation. PMID: 28286188
35. High Smad3 expression is associated with invasion and metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. PMID: 26908446
36. New evidence suggests that SMAD3 activation may serve as a critical converging point of dysregulated TGFB superfamily signaling and genetic aberrations in human granulosa cell tumor development (review). PMID: 27683263
37. We find that DIGIT is divergent to Goosecoid (GSC) and expressed during endoderm differentiation. Deletion of the SMAD3-occupied enhancer proximal to DIGIT inhibits DIGIT and GSC expression and definitive endoderm differentiation. PMID: 27705785
38. ANP inhibits TGF-beta1-induced EMT in 16HBE-14o and A549 cells through cGMP/PKG signaling, by which it targets TGF-beta1/Smad3 via attenuating phosphorylation of Smad3. These findings suggest the potential of ANP in the treatment on pulmonary diseases with airway remodeling. PMID: 28229930
39. Sec8 regulates N-cadherin expression by controlling Smad3 and Smad4 expression through CBP, thereby mediating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. PMID: 27769780
40. Particularly, galangin effectively inhibits phosphorylation of the Thr-179 site at Smad3 linker region through suppression of CDK4 phosphorylation. Thus, galangin can be a promising candidate as a selective inhibitor to suppress phosphorylation of Smad3 linker region. PMID: 29097203
41. Up-regulation of miR-195 suppressed cell migration and invasion in vitro. Smad3 was verified as a direct target of miR-195, which was further confirmed by the inverse expression of miR-195 and Smad3 in patients' specimens. PMID: 27206216
42. In human primary tubular epithelial cells, inhibition of HIF sensing prolylhydroxylases by DMOG or exposure of the cells to hypoxia upregulated Smad3 expression and enhanced its translocation to the nucleus. PMID: 27155083
43. Findings demonstrate that TGFbeta1 allows tumors to evade host immune responses in part through enhanced SMAD3-mediated PD-1 expression on tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. PMID: 27683557
44. Store-operated calcium entry via Orai1 in mesangial cells negatively regulates the TGF-beta1/Smad3 signaling pathway. PMID: 28637791
45. TF-induced microvessel stabilization is regulated via PAR2-SMAD3 that is indispensable for the maintenance of vascular integrity. PMID: 26658897
46. stablish PPM1A as a novel repressor of the SMAD3 pathway in renal fibrosis PMID: 27328942
47. Methylation in SMAD3 was selectively increased in asthmatic children of asthmatic mothers and was associated with childhood asthma risk PMID: 28011059
48. a direct crosstalk between the STAT3 and Smad3 signaling pathways that may contribute to tumor development and inflammation. PMID: 26616859
49. It is reported here that TGF-beta directly regulates alternative splicing of cancer stem cell marker CD44 through a phosphorylated threonine179 of SMAD3-mediated interaction with RNA-binding protein PCBP1. PMID: 27746021
50. Bcl-3 knockdown enhanced the degradation of Smad3 but not Smad2 following TGFbeta treatment. PMID: 27906182
51. miR-206 and miR-140, as tumor suppressors, induced lung adenocarcinoma cell death and inhibited cell proliferation by modifying oncogenic TRIB2 promoter activity through p-Smad3. PMID: 28005074
52. These studies support previously unrecognized, cooperative interaction between the CCN1 matricellular protein and canonical TGF-beta1/SMAD3 signaling that promotes lung fibrosis. PMID: 26884454
53. c-Abl promotes TGF-beta-induced SKIP/Smad3 interaction. PMID: 28666867
54. Substance P can promote hepatic stem cell proliferation and induce HSC activation via the TGF-beta1/Smad3 signaling pathway. PMID: 28647476
55. High SMAD3 expression is associated with increased lung adenocarcinoma. PMID: 27856637
56. signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat)3 represses Smad3 in synergy with the potent negative regulators of TGF-beta signaling, c-Ski and SnoN, whereby renders gefitinib-sensitive HCC827 cells resistant PMID: 28115165
57. Therefore, our results demonstrate that autophagy counteracts the EndoMT process triggered by TGF-beta2 by decreasing the phosphorylation level of Smad3. PMID: 28450107
58. Conversely, siRNA-mediated Klotho silencing up-regulated Egr-1, FN, and Col I expression and the p-Smad3/Smad3 ratio. Moreover, the effects of si-Klotho on Egr-1 expression were abolished by the TGF-beta1 inhibitor SB-431542. Klotho overexpression can prevent mesangial ECM production in high-glucose-treated human MCs, an effect that has been partially attributed to Egr-1 down-regulation facilitated by TGF-beta1/Smad3 s... PMID: 28411025
59. a novel STAT3/SMAD3-signaling axis is required for OSM-mediated senescence. PMID: 27892764
60. The protective (T) allele of rs17293632 disrupts a consensus AP-1 binding site in a SMAD3 intron 1 enhancer, reduces enhancer activity and SMAD3 expression, altering human arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation to prevent coronary artery disease. PMID: 26966274
61. Data suggest a novel role for TGFbeta1/TGFbeta receptor signaling via SMAD3 in regulation of expression of p16-Ink4a/Arf locus in beta-cells and highlight potential of using small molecule inhibitors of TGFbeta1/TGFbeta receptor signaling to promote human b-cell proliferation. (TGFbeta1 = transforming growth factor beta 1; p16-Ink4a = cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A; SMAD3 = SMAD family member 3) PMID: 26936960
62. TGF-beta-treated fibroblasts contained SMAD complexes that activated a SMAD target gene in addition to those repressing PPARG transcription, the first finding of such dual activity within the same cell. These findings describe in detail novel mechanisms by which TGF-beta represses PPARG transcription, thereby facilitating its own pro-fibrotic activity PMID: 28100650
63. Our results suggested that miR-23a-3p contributes to OA progression by directly targeting SMAD3, providing a potential therapeutic target for OA treatment. PMID: 27318087
64. Moreover, in PAH model, Smad3, p-Smad3 and Smad4 were all downregulated in lung tissues, and SIS3 (Smad3 inhibitor) could reverse the effects of anti-miR-199a-5p in PAH rats. Our date suggest that miR-199a-5p may function as a regulator of PAH by targeting Smad3, indicating a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with PAH. PMID: 27038547
65. Smad 3-specific reduction mediates loss of type I collagen in aged human skin. PMID: 27132061
66. E2F5/p38 axis played a cardinal role in uncontrolled cellular proliferation in prostate cancer through pSMAD3L activation. PMID: 26919443
67. hsa-miR-497-5p is a negative regulator of SMAD3 gene. PMID: 27063509
68. Knockdown of PTTG1 suppresses the growth and invasion of LAC cells through upregulation of the TGFbeta1/SMAD3 signaling. PMID: 25816405
69. HSP27 expression is upregulated in lung fibroblasts during pulmonary fibrosis, and subsequently, HSP27 modulates lung fibroblast differentiation through the Smad3 and ERK pathways. PMID: 27909724
70. hypoxia facilitates the transition of dermal fibroblasts to myofibroblasts through the activation of the TGF-beta1/Smad3 signaling pathway. PMID: 27909731
71. miR221 targets HMGA2 to inhibit leomycininduced pulmonary fibrosis through the TGFbeta1/Smad3 signaling pathway. PMID: 27513632
72. SMAD3 was identified as a direct target gene of miR-708, and functional analysis demonstrated that miR-708 could markedly suppress osteogenic differentiation and adipogenesis differentiation of MSCs PMID: 26932538
73. p-SMAD2/3 proteins were remarkably increased in bladder carcinoma. High p-SMAD2/3 was not statistically associated with clinicopathological characteristics of the patients. Overexpression of hepaCAM prevented the p-SMAD2/3 translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in bladder cancer cells. The p-SMAD2/3 pathway is critical for hepaCAM-induced cancer cell apoptosis. PMID: 26873485
74. The results of the present study suggested that Rac1 enhanced the expression of Smad3/4 in activated hepatic stellate cells; however, this increase may be suppressed by SAM-induced methylation of Rac1 promoters. PMID: 26986629
75. SMAD3 mutations reported in patients with syndromic Aortic Aneurisms and dissections with early-onset osteoarthritis. PMID: 27181042
76. The results also revealed the existence of crosstalk between miR-29b and TGF-beta1/Smad3 during LX-2 activation, suggesting a feedback loop between miR-29b and TGF-beta1/Smad3 signalling that promotes liver fibrosis. PMID: 27273381
77. Likely pathogenic variants included a TGFB2 variant in one patient and a SMAD3 variant in another. These variants have been reported previously in individuals with similar phenotypes. Variants of uncertain significance of particular interest included novel variants in MYLK and MFAP5, which were identified in a third patient PMID: 26854089
78. The more significant compound effects of two-locus models, combining single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ADAM17 and other TGF-beta signaling pathway genes including TGFB2 and SMAD3, on KD phenotypes relative to single SNPs suggest that ADAM17 is also involved in secondary CAL formation and confers the risk of KD/CALs via the TGF-beta/SMAD3 signaling pathway. PMID: 26833052
79. Exogenous expression of miR-142-5p inhibitor resulted in a significant reduction of viral titer indicating proviral role of miR-142-5p. Functional studies of hsa-miR-142-5p identified its role in transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) signalling as TGFbeta receptor 2 and SMAD3 were degraded during both hsa-miR-142-5p overexpression and rotavirus infection. PMID: 26572508
80. study suggested that TGF-beta1/Smad3/smad7 is a major pathway which plays an important role in the regulation of the IUA and specific inhibitor of Smad3 (SIS3) may provide a new therapeutic strategy for IUA. PMID: 26997760
81. these data demonstrate that the SMI drives ES cells to skeletal muscle via concerted activation of the Wnt pathway, and inhibition of Smad2/3 signaling and Shh pathways. PMID: 26577380
82. Our study demonstrates that SMAD3 is significantly overexpressed in osteoarthritis. This overexpression cannot be explained by DNA methylation in the promoter region. PMID: 26669923
83. results demonstrated that the novel pathway H19/miR-675/TGF-beta1/Smad3/HDAC regulates osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs and may serve as a potential target for enhancing bone formation in vivo. PMID: 26417995
84. Induction of pSmad3L through BLT1-NOX-ROS-EGFR-PI3K-ERK1/2 signaling pathway is a key mechanism by which LTB4 blocks the anti-proliferative responses of TGF-beta1 in breast tumors. PMID: 26497676
85. results indicate that miR-16-5p is an important regulator of SMAD3 expression in human chondrocytes and may contribute to the development of osteoarthritis PMID: 26350536
86. Up-regulation of smad3 is associated with endometrial cancer. PMID: 26384307
87. SMAD3 is a necessary factor for TGFbeta-mediated stimulation of mRNA and protein expression of type IV collagen genes in human vascular smooth muscle cells; it regulates expression of COL4a1 and COL4a2 PMID: 26310581
88. These results for the first time demonstrate a role of Cdk5/p35 in the regulation of cell cycle progression modulated by TGF-beta1. PMID: 26966064
89. hCLP46 increases Smad3 protein stability via inhibiting its ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation PMID: 26058784
90. Data show that the expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) was correlated with the expression of SMA- and MAD-related protein 3 (SMAD3) and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP13) in osteoarthritis (OA)-affected cartilage. PMID: 26395178
91. The results suggested a novel function for Twist in the promotion of EMT via TGF-b/Smad3 signaling pathway. Thus, Twist constitutes a potential therapeutic target in human cervical cancer. PMID: 26239019
92. Gene-gene interactions between Smad3 rs6494629T/C and TIMP3 rs715572G/A polymorphisms may play more important protective roles in knee OA. PMID: 26068512
93. An association of SNP in SMAD3 with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis in female Han Chinese. PMID: 25757091
94. CC and CT+TT and TT and TG+GG genotypes of SMAD3 rs12102171 and rs2289263 polymorphisms together with BMI may be susceptible factors for osteoarthritis. PMID: 26261637
95. Our finding expands the mutation spectrum of SMAD3 gene and further strengthens the connection between the presence of aneurysms-osteoarthritis phenotype and SMAD3 mutations PMID: 26221609
96. The Single Nucleotide Polymorphism rs2289263 in the SMAD3 gene is associated with ventricular septal defects in Chinese Han populations. PMID: 26110764
97. Smad3 was a direct and functional target of miR-23b in heat-denatured fibroblasts. PMID: 26153982
98. High Smad3 expression is associated with renal fibrosis in lupus nephritis. PMID: 26040904
99. our findings suggest that Ski represses TGF-b-induced EMT and invasion by inhibiting SMAD-dependent signaling in non-small cell lung cancer.Ski-silenced and overexpressed A549 cells showed an increase and a reduction in the SMAD3 phosphorylation level PMID: 25955797
100. EAF2 binding does not alter Smad3 phosphorylation but causes Smad3 cytoplasmic retention, competes with Smad4 for binding to Smad3, and prevents p300-Smad3 complex formation PMID: 26370086

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HGNC: 6769

OMIM: 114500

KEGG: hsa:4088

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000332973

UniGene: Hs.727986