ZNFX1

ZNFX1, a zinc finger protein found on the X chromosome, is expressed across various tissues with high levels in immune cells. It acts as a virus sensor, detecting double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) from viruses and activating an antiviral response by linking with the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS). ZNFX1 also keeps NLRP3 in the cytoplasm, preventing its activation and subsequent inflammation, thus avoiding an overactive immune response. This protein has a crucial dual role in sensing viral invasion and curbing inflammation, helping to maintain immune system balance and prevent autoimmune diseases. Disruptions in ZNFX1 are linked to severe immunodeficiency, inflammatory diseases, increased viral susceptibility, and early death, making it a significant target for immune response research and therapeutic development.

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Recombinant Human NFX1-type zinc finger-containing protein 1 (ZNFX1), partial