MRGPRX4

MRGPRX4, Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X4, alias MRGPRX4, GPRC6A.MRGPRX4 is a G protein-coupled receptor belonging to the Mas-related GPCR family, which is mainly expressed in humans and primates. Its mechanism of action involves binding to a variety of endogenous and exogenous ligands, such as bile acids, to regulate intracellular physiological responses through activation of the G protein signaling pathway.The activation of MRGPRX4 triggers the production of sensations including itch and pain, as well as related cellular signaling processes.The biological significance of MRGPRX4 is mainly manifested in its role as a receptor for bile acids, which has been shown to be useful in the liver disease Cholestatic itch plays a key role in the development of liver disease.

The activation of its signaling pathway can lead to the excitation of nerve cells, which in turn causes the itching sensation. In addition, there are species differences in the expression and function of MRGPRX4 between mice and humans; the TGR5 receptor in humans is not directly involved in bile acid-induced itch, whereas MRGPRX4 plays an important role in cholestatic itch in humans. Thus, MRGPRX4 is not only important in understanding the mechanism of itch perception generation, but also provides an important target for the development of therapeutic drugs against cholestatic itch.