MTREX

MTREX (Mtr4 Exosome RNA Helicase), also known as Dob1 or SKIV2L2, is a nuclear protein with ATP-binding activity and RNA helicase function. It plays a critical role in RNA metabolism by participating in the nuclear RNA exosome complex, where it facilitates the degradation and processing of various RNA substrates, contributing to processes such as ribosomal RNA maturation, particularly the 5.8S rRNA, and the cellular response to DNA damage. Its function is essential for maintaining RNA quality control.
Dysregulation of MTREX is implicated in human diseases, as it serves as a biomarker for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The protein operates within specific macromolecular complexes, including the TRAMP complex and the catalytic step 2 spliceosome, and it interacts with the nuclear exosome. While direct drug targeting of MTREX is still emerging, compounds like ATP and its derivatives have been identified in its context, indicating a focus on its ATPase activity. Research continues to elucidate its precise mechanisms and therapeutic potential.