TM9SF1

Transmembrane 9 Superfamily Member 1 (TM9SF1), also known as TM9-1, is a conserved integral membrane protein with nine transmembrane domains. It regulates key cellular processes including cell adhesion, phagocytosis, and membrane trafficking. In macrophages, TM9SF1 facilitates actin cytoskeleton rearrangement to promote microbial pathogen uptake, a function linked to integrin-mediated signaling pathways.
Dysregulated TM9SF1 expression is associated with colorectal cancer metastasis, as its upregulation enhances cancer cell migration and invasion. While targeted therapeutics against TM9SF1 remain in preclinical development, its role in critical cellular functions positions it as a promising candidate for anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer treatments, especially for conditions involving impaired phagocytosis or metastatic progression.