TSPYL5

Testis-Specific Y-Like Protein 5 (TSPYL5), also known as Cellular Differentiation-Associated Protein 1 (CDA1) and NY-CO-16, is a nuclear transcriptional repressor in the TSPY-like family. It inhibits cell proliferation by repressing G1/S transition genes, acting as a tumor suppressor. Epigenetic promoter methylation often silences TSPYL5 in lung adenocarcinoma, breast, and colorectal cancers, losing its anti-proliferative effects.
TSPYL5 dysregulation correlates with advanced tumor stages. It interacts with the p53 pathway to mediate cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. As a cancer-testis antigen, it is a promising immunotherapeutic target: preclinical studies explore peptide vaccines and CAR-T cell strategies, though no candidates have entered clinical trials yet.