AMBRA1

AMBRA1, or Autophagy and Beclin 1 Regulator 1, also known as DCAF3 or WDR94, is a protein encoded by a human gene and belongs to the autophagy regulatory factors, playing a significant role in the formation of autophagosomes. The mechanism of action of AMBRA1 involves activating GTPase binding activity and ubiquitin protease binding activity, participating in macroautophagy, positively regulating phosphoinositol-3 kinase activity, and responding to mitochondrial depolarization. AMBRA1 is located in the cytoplasm and co-localizes with mitochondria, serving as a biomarker for multisystem atrophy. AMBRA1 is involved in controlling protein turnover, neurodevelopment, cell survival, and proliferation, and is closely related to tumor progression. Its expression levels predict melanoma resistance to MAPK inhibitors and are associated with neural tube defects.