DUSP2

DUSP2, or dual-specificity phosphatase 2, also known as PAC1 or PAC-1, is a protein encoded by the human gene DUSP2 and is a member of the dual-specificity phosphatase subfamily. The DUSP2 protein is primarily expressed in hematopoietic tissues and is localized to the nucleus.
The mechanism of action of DUSP2 involves dephosphorylating phosphoserine/threonine and phosphotyrosine residues on target kinases, thereby negatively regulating members of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase superfamily that are associated with cell proliferation and differentiation, such as MAPK/ERK, SAPK/JNK, and p38. DUSP2 has an inhibitory effect on the activity of ERK1 and ERK2.
DUSP2 is involved in the regulation of immune responses, inflammatory responses, and cancer progression, and is associated with various diseases, including hematological cancers and type 2 diabetes. Loss of function of DUSP2 in certain cancers is indicative of a poor prognosis, and it plays a significant role in the regulation of TH17 cell differentiation, affecting the onset and progression of autoimmune diseases.