GRIN1

GRIN1, encoding the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor subunit NR1, is a key gene on human chromosome 9 that contributes to neuronal signaling. This receptor forms a ligand-gated ion channel in conjunction with glutamic acid and glycine, facilitating signal transduction across neurons. The activation involves glutamic acid binding to the NR2 subunit and glycine to the GRIN1 subunit, with channel inhibition by Mg²⁺ being overcome by membrane depolarization. GRIN1's role in the nervous system encompasses neurotransmission, neuromodulation, and neuroprotection, and its dysregulation is linked to neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, and depression, offering valuable insights for the study and treatment of these conditions.