IFI30

Interferon Gamma-Inducible Protein 30 kDa (IFI30), commonly known as GILT (Gamma-Interferon Inducible Lysosomal Thiol Reductase), is a lysosomal enzyme critical for MHC class II-mediated antigen processing. It catalyzes the reduction of disulfide bonds in endocytosed antigens, enabling their degradation into peptides that are presented to CD4+ T cells. IFI30 expression is upregulated by interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), placing it within the IFN signaling pathway.
Dysregulation of IFI30 links to autoimmune disorders like systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, where enhanced antigen presentation drives self-reactivity. Its deficiency impairs immune responses to pathogens. Preclinical research explores GILT inhibitors as potential autoimmune therapies, though no approved drugs exist. It also serves as a biomarker for immune activation in inflammatory conditions.