LOXL2

LOXL2, a member of the lysyl oxidase family and a copper-dependent amine oxidase, plays a pivotal role in the stabilization and remodeling of the extracellular matrix through the crosslinking of elastin and collagen. When its expression becomes deregulated, it is associated with a range of cancer-related processes, including the promotion of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor metastasis, and a poorer prognosis, as well as resistance to chemoradiotherapy. The regulation of LOXL2 is complex, involving various mechanisms such as transcriptional control, alternative splicing, and post-translational modifications. Beyond its extracellular functions, LOXL2 also contributes to intracellular processes like nuclear oxidation and deacetylation, and it enhances tumor cell invasion by affecting cytoskeletal dynamics. Given its multifaceted contributions to cancer development and progression, LOXL2 is considered a promising target for the development of novel therapeutic strategies across a spectrum of cancers.