MR1

The gene MR1 encodes the protein MHC class I-related protein 1 (MR1), also known as MR1 protein or HMR1. MR1 is a non-classical MHC class I molecule that presents metabolite-derived antigens to a specific subset of T cells, known as MAIT (mucosal-associated invariant T) cells. It plays a crucial role in the immune system by recognizing microbial vitamin B2 metabolite derivatives and responding to infections. The mechanism of action involves MR1 binding to these metabolites and presenting them on the cell surface for recognition by MAIT cells. This process is involved in various signaling pathways, including those related to immune response and inflammation. Diseases associated with MR1 include infections and autoimmune disorders. In terms of drug development, MR1 inhibitors have emerged as a promising area of research, targeting the protein to modulate immune responses and potentially treat various diseases.