Recombinant Mouse RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase (Akt3)

1. The authors find in Mus musculus, each AKT isoform has a unique expression pattern in the hippocampus. AKT1, but not AKT2 or AKT3, is required for late long term potetiation (LTD) through regulating activity-induced protein synthesis. Interestingly, AKT activity inhibits mGluR-LTD, with overlapping functions for AKT1 and AKT3. PMID: 29173281
2. Behavioral data on Akt3-/- and Akt1-/- mice demonstrated that Akt3 but not Akt1 is required for spatial learning. Histological analyses on synapse, dendrite, and myelin markers suggested that Akt3 but not Akt1 is important for the white matter integrity, and that Akt single isoform does not play a pivotal role on neuronal survival. PMID: 27671373
3. Results show that AKT3 influences outcome of pneumococcal meningitis in human patients; validated the findings in a mouse experimental pneumococcal meningitis model. PMID: 27193124
4. findings provide novel insight into the neurodevelopmental role of Akt3, identify a non-redundant role for Akt3 in the development of prefrontal cortical-mediated cognitive function and show that Akt3 is potentially the dominant regulator of AKT/mTOR signaling in brain PMID: 28467426
5. miR-15b-5p is a critical regulator of human EC proliferation and migration by targeting the AKT3 pathway. PMID: 28254819
6. The predominant AKT isoform in the central nervous system, AKT3, induces much more robust axon regeneration than AKT1 and that activation of mTORC1 and inhibition of GSK3beta are two critical parallel pathways for AKT-induced axon regeneration. PMID: 27026523
7. Downregulation of AKT3 increases migration and metastasis in triple negative breast cancer cells by upregulating S100A4. PMID: 26741489
8. In viable Akt three-isoforms conditional knockout mice, total Akt levels were reduced in the adult brain. They had increased levels of phosphorylated tau, GSK3alpha and PKA substrates. No significant changes in p-tau levels were found in Akt3-/-)mice. PMID: 26227811
9. untreated Akt1 and Akt2/Akt3 double knockout mice display significant hearing loss, indicating a role for these isoforms in normal hearing. PMID: 25811375
10. MicroRNA-207 enhances radiation-induced apoptosis by targeting Akt3 in cochlea hair cells. PMID: 25275594
11. Blocking Akt1 or Akt3 but not Akt2 expression prohibits cell proliferation and reprogramming. PMID: 25037569
12. Mechanistic investigations uncovered opposing functions for different Akt isoforms in this regulation, where Akt1 promotes and Akt3 inhibits vascular tumor growth. PMID: 25388284
13. MiR-29 modulates growth and promotes differentiation of skeletal muscle through the post-transcriptional downregulation of Akt3. PMID: 23764849
14. AKT3 controls mitochondrial biogenesis and autophagy via regulation of the major nuclear export protein CRM-1. PMID: 24081905
15. Findings demonstrate that N-cadherin suppresses Akt3 to promote cell motility and highlight the intricate regulation of Akt isoforms by N-cadherin during metastasis. PMID: 22410780
16. AKT3-deficient mice have a more severe disease course than wild-type mice during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), because AKT3 is necessary for proper central nervous system (CNS) cell integrity. PMID: 23335751
17. Results demonstrate that integrin outside-in signaling and platelet spreading requires Src family kinase-dependent and ADP receptor-amplified activation of the PI3K-Akt-GSK-3beta pathway. PMID: 22814751
18. nonredundant atheroprotective role for Akt3 exerted via the previously unknown link between the Akt signaling pathway and cholesterol metabolism. PMID: 22632897
19. These findings suggest an important role for Akt3 in the regulation of RCAS1 and VEGF secretion in ovarian cancer cells. PMID: 21351097
20. Akt3 plays an important and distinct role in platelet activation and in thrombosis. PMID: 21821713
21. Akt3 missense mutation is associated with enhanced kinase activity and seizure susceptibility. PMID: 21159799
22. Akt3-deficient brains are reduced in size. PMID: 15713641
23. Study using Pkb gamma-deficient mice suggests a crucial role for Pkb gamma in postnatal brain development. PMID: 15930105
24. Akt1 gene is more essential than Akt3 for embryonic development and survival PMID: 16287854
25. Results demonstrate an in vivo role for both Akt2 and Akt3 in the determination of whole animal size and individual organ sizes. PMID: 16923958
26. There is not a sex difference in the degree of Met5-enkephalin induced cardioprotection, however males use PI3K/Akt1/Akt2 pathway and females use PI3K/Akt3 pathway. PMID: 17982014
27. Akt3 silencing results in cytoplasmic accumulation of the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, PGC-1alpha, & reduction in known PGC-1alpha target genes. subtle abnormal mitochondrial phenotype is observed in brain tissue of AKT3 knockout mice. PMID: 18524868
28. Akt1/2/3 have different roles in mammary gland differentiation during pregnancy and this may reflect differences in hormonal signaling. PMID: 18561256

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KEGG: mmu:23797

STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000106789

UniGene: Mm.235194