ARTN

ARTN, also known as Artemin, is a secreted protein belonging to the glial cell line - derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family. It is commonly referred to as Neublastin and Enovin. ARTN binds to the GDNF family receptor alpha 3 (GFRα3) and signals through the RET receptor tyrosine kinase. This signaling cascade activates multiple pathways, including the PI3K - AKT and MAPK - ERK pathways, which are crucial for cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation.
Abnormal ARTN signaling has been associated with several diseases, such as certain types of cancers and neurodegenerative disorders. In cancer, overexpression of ARTN may promote tumor growth and metastasis. Regarding drug development, researchers are exploring inhibitors targeting the ARTN - GFRα3 - RET axis to develop novel therapies for related diseases.