CES2

Carboxylesterase 2 (CES2), also known as human carboxylesterase 2 (hCE2) or liver carboxylesterase, is a serine hydrolase primarily expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and kidneys. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of ester- or amide-containing prodrugs, endogenous lipids, and environmental toxins, playing a critical role in xenobiotic metabolism and lipid homeostasis. CES2 activates prodrugs such as irinotecan (converted to SN-38) and participates in the metabolism of antiplatelet agents (e.g., clopidogrel) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Its activity intersects with pathways involving drug detoxification, fatty acid metabolism, and phospholipid remodeling. Dysregulation of CES2 is implicated in chemoresistance, metabolic disorders, and inflammatory bowel disease. Recent drug development focuses on CES2 inhibitors to mitigate irinotecan-induced diarrhea and optimize prodrug activation, while genetic polymorphisms in CES2 are being explored for personalized oncology therapeutics.

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Recombinant Human Cat eye syndrome critical region protein 2 (CECR2), partial