GAPDHS

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, spermatogenic (GAPDHS), also called testis-specific GAPDH, is a glycolytic enzyme uniquely expressed in spermatogenic cells and mature sperm. It catalyzes the oxidative phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate, producing NADH and ATP—essential for sperm motility, as sperm depend on glycolysis for energy.
GAPDHS dysfunction correlates with male infertility, especially asthenozoospermia (reduced sperm movement) from impaired energy supply. It is a promising target for male contraception, with preclinical studies exploring inhibitors to block its activity and disrupt sperm function. Activators may also treat fertility issues linked to GAPDHS deficiency.