HAT1

HAT1 is a type B histone acetyltransferase encoded by the human genome. It catalyzes the acetylation of specific lysine residues on newly synthesized histone H4, with a particular focus on H4K5 and H4K12. Beyond acetylating H4K5 and H4K12 on histone H4, HAT1 also modifies H2AK5 on histone H2A, albeit less frequently. The catalytic domain of HAT1 is responsible for carrying out these acetylation reactions. This acetylation process is crucial for chromatin assembly of newly synthesized DNA strands, affecting gene expression and chromatin structure. HAT1 plays an important role in regulating cell cycle progression, DNA replication, repair, and transcriptional regulation. Abnormal expression or dysregulation of HAT1 is associated with various diseases, including cancer. HAT1 also participates in the succinylation of histones and non histones during tumorigenesis, affecting the epigenetic regulation and gene expression of cancer cells.