NAT2

NAT2 encodes N-acetyltransferase 2, commonly known as arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2. This enzyme catalyzes phase II acetylation of aromatic amines, hydrazines, and sulfonamides—key for xenobiotic detoxification and drug metabolism. Genetic variants generate fast, intermediate, or slow acetylator phenotypes, directly shaping drug efficacy and toxicity.
Slow acetylators face higher risks of adverse reactions to isoniazid (hepatotoxicity) and sulfonamides, plus increased susceptibility to bladder cancer via impaired aromatic amine clearance. Current research focuses on genotype-guided personalized dosing to minimize toxicity, and developing agents that bypass NAT2-dependent metabolism for safer outcomes.