TALDO1

TALDO1 (Transaldolase 1), also known as Transaldolase 1, TAL, TALDO, or TALDOR, is an enzyme that is expressed in various tissues in the human body. It is encoded by the TALDO1 gene, located on chromosome 11. TALDO1 primarily functions as a key enzyme in the non-oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). It catalyzes the reversible conversion of sedoheptulose-7-phosphate and D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate into erythrose-4-phosphate and β-D-fructose-6-phosphate, providing ribose-5-phosphate for nucleic acid synthesis and NADPH for lipid biosynthesis.

TALDO1 is involved in maintaining the reduced state of glutathione, protecting thiol groups and cellular integrity from oxidative damage caused by oxygen free radicals. It also participates in coordinating multiple metabolic pathways. Dysfunctions of TALDO1 are associated with various diseases, such as transaldolase 1 deficiency, multiple sclerosis, liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, changes in the expression levels of TALDO1 occur in certain tumors, potentially influencing the malignant behavior of cancer cells, such as proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Therefore, TALDO1 is a potential target for drug development and disease treatment.