EIF1

EIF1, also known as eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1, has alternative names including A121, ISO1, SUI1, EIF-1, and EIF1A. EIF1 is a key translation initiation factor with RNA binding activity, involved in the regulation of translation initiation, primarily located in the cytoplasm and nucleus. EIF1 binds to the 40S ribosomal subunit, participating in mRNA scanning to recognize the start codon and promoting the assembly of the pre-initiation complex at 48S. The accuracy and fidelity of translation initiation are crucially dependent on EIF1, which positively influences the conformation of the 40S ribosomal subunit and the positioning of bound mRNA and the initial tRNA, actively facilitating the selection of the start codon. Abnormal expression of EIF1 is associated with various diseases, including Mehmo syndrome and leukoencephalopathy with absent white matter.