GSTO1

Glutathione S-transferase omega-1 (GSTO1) is a phase II detoxification enzyme in the omega subclass of glutathione S-transferases. Common aliases include GSTO1-1 and GST omega 1. It catalyzes glutathione conjugation with electrophilic xenobiotics and endogenous toxic intermediates, and possesses thioltransferase and dehydroascorbate reductase activities, critical for maintaining cellular redox homeostasis and mitigating oxidative stress.
GSTO1 genetic variants are linked to neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s) due to impaired redox regulation. It also associates with cancer susceptibility and drug resistance in breast and prostate malignancies. Small-molecule inhibitors targeting GSTO1 are under preclinical evaluation—these agents aim to enhance neuroprotection and sensitize resistant cancer cells to chemotherapy by modulating the enzyme’s activity.