IFNA4

Interferon alpha-4 (IFNA4) is a type I interferon encoded by the IFNA4 gene, with common aliases including IFN-α4 and leukocyte interferon alpha 4. It binds to the IFNAR1/IFNAR2 receptor complex, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway to induce interferon-stimulated genes (e.g., MX1, OAS), inhibiting viral replication and regulating immune responses.
IFNA4 is linked to viral infections (hepatitis B, HCV) and autoimmune disorders like systemic lupus erythematosus. Recombinant IFNA4 was explored for antiviral therapy but limited by side effects (flu-like symptoms, myelosuppression). Current research focuses on optimized formulations or combination therapies to improve efficacy and reduce toxicity.