IL34

IL-34 is a novel interleukin, a homodimeric protein composed of 241 amino acids, located on human chromosome 16. It activates intracellular signaling pathways, including PI3K/AKT, by binding to the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R), thereby regulating biological processes such as cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, and inflammatory responses. IL-34 plays a crucial role in the immune system, promoting the proliferation, survival, and differentiation of monocytes and macrophages, and exhibiting significant regulatory effects on innate immunity and inflammatory responses. Furthermore, IL-34 is closely associated with the occurrence and development of various diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, and autoimmune diseases. Therefore, in-depth research on the signaling pathways and mechanisms of IL-34 is of great significance for understanding its biological functions and roles in diseases.