NRXN1

NRXN1 encodes neurexin-1, a neuronal transmembrane protein also known as NRX1. Neurexins play a crucial role in synapse formation and function. They bind to neuroligins on postsynaptic membranes, which stabilizes synapses and regulates neurotransmitter release. This process is involved in the Wnt and Notch signaling pathways, which are essential for neural development.
Mutations in NRXN1 are associated with several neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. Given these disease associations, NRXN1 has become a target for drug development. Current research focuses on modulating the neurexin-neuroligin interaction to restore normal synaptic function.