PLA2R1

PLA2R1, a key mannose receptor family member, is largely concentrated on the glomerular podocyte membrane. In idiopathic membranous nephropathy, around 70% of patients have antibodies that target PLA2R1, disrupting its normal function with phospholipase A2 and harming podocytes. This receptor is crucial for triggering JAK2 kinase and ROS accumulation, which induce cell senescence and apoptosis, thereby exhibiting tumor-suppressive activity. Often, PLA2R1 is downregulated in cancers, a reduction that can be instigated by oncogenes such as HIF2α and c-MYC. Moreover, PLA2R1 is frequently silenced by promoter methylation in cancers like leukemia, kidney, and breast, aligning with a typical strategy for repressing tumor suppressor genes.