TGFBI

The TGFBI gene encodes for the transforming growth factor beta-induced protein, also known as betaig-H3 or keratoepithelin. This extracellular matrix protein plays a crucial role in various physiological and pathological conditions, including diabetes, corneal dystrophy, and tumorigenesis. TGFBI functions as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting cell adhesion, migration, and invasion, and it is downregulated in several cancers, such as ovarian, lung, and breast cancer. The protein interacts with integrins and collagen, modulating cell signaling pathways, including the TGF-β, PI3K/AKT, and MAPK pathways. TGFBI mutations are associated with corneal dystrophies, and its downregulation is linked to drug resistance in cancer. Research on TGFBI is ongoing, with potential therapeutic implications for cancer and corneal dystrophies.