PRAME

PRAME, also known as Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma, is a cancer-testis antigen expressed in various cancers, including melanoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, and ovarian cancer. It functions as a nuclear receptor and transcriptional regulator, inhibiting retinoic acid signaling, which is crucial for cell differentiation and proliferation. PRAME is associated with aggressive tumor phenotypes and poor prognosis. Its expression is regulated by epigenetic modifications and transcription factors like MZF1 and SOX9. PRAME is a promising target for immunotherapy, including cancer vaccines and CAR-T cell therapies, due to its preferential expression in cancer cells. Research is ongoing to explore its potential in combination with other therapies for improved treatment outcomes.