ALOX5

ALOX5, arachidonic acid 5-lipoxygenase, alias Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase, is a member of the lipoxygenase family of enzymes, which is encoded and produced by human cells themselves.ALOX5 is expressed in a wide range of cell types, especially in bone marrow-derived cells. Its mechanism of action is mainly to catalyze the conversion of arachidonic acid to 5(S)-HPETE, which in turn generates leukotriene A4 (LTA4), the initiating and critical step in the leukotriene biosynthetic pathway. Leukotrienes are an important class of inflammatory mediators involved in the regulation of a variety of inflammatory and allergic responses.The activity of ALOX5 is regulated by a variety of factors, including cytokines, stress responses, and intracellular signaling molecules, etc.

The biological significance of ALOX5 is mainly reflected in its role in the regulation of inflammatory responses. It is not only involved in leukotriene synthesis, which affects inflammatory and immune processes, but may also be involved in the regulation of lipid peroxidation and cell death modes, such as apoptosis, pyroptosis, and iron death.Abnormalities in the expression or activity of ALOX5 have been associated with the development of a variety of diseases, including asthma, atherosclerosis, and tumors. In addition, ALOX5 may act as an important factor in the tumor immune microenvironment, affecting immune cell infiltration of tumors and the efficacy of immunotherapy, and therefore, it is also a potential target in drug development and disease treatment.