STEAP2

STEAP2, also known as Six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 2 or Six-transmembrane protein of prostate 1, is a metalloreductase protein with significant roles in metal ion reduction, particularly iron and copper. It is highly expressed in various cancers, including prostate, bladder, colon, pancreas, and breast, suggesting its involvement in cancer progression. STEAP2 functions by facilitating the reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ and Cu2+ to Cu+, which are essential for cellular processes. It is associated with the ERK pathway, promoting cell proliferation and tumor development. In prostate cancer, STEAP2 is regulated independently of androgens and plays a role in the G0-G1 cell cycle phase. Its expression is also linked to poor prognosis in osteosarcoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. Drug development targeting STEAP2 is ongoing, with potential for repurposing existing drugs like triptorelin and leuprolide for early-stage prostate cancer treatment.